Abstract: A mass spectrometer has a particle introduction system and a vaporizer, atomizer, and ionizer configured to produce ions from elements associated with the particle. An ion mass-to-charge ratio analyzer is configured to separate ions according to their mass-to-charge ratio. A detector is positioned to detect at least some of the separated ions. A digital processor is configured to: (a) acquire data from the detector including at least first data in a primary detection group defined to comprise one or more mass-to-charge ratio channels of the mass spectrometer; (b) determine whether or not ions detected during at least one sampling cycle meet at least one selection criterion indicating a presence of a particle in the mass spectrometer; and (c) determine whether or not to use data in a secondary detection group based on whether or not the at least one selection criterion is met.

Abstract: A mass spectrometer has a particle introduction system and a vaporizer, atomizer, and ionizer configured to produce ions from elements associated with the particle. An ion mass-to-charge ratio analyzer is configured to separate ions according to their mass-to-charge ratio. A detector is positioned to detect at least some of the separated ions. A digital processor is configured to: (a) acquire data from the detector including at least first data in a primary detection group defined to comprise one or more mass-to-charge ratio channels of the mass spectrometer; (b) determine whether or not ions detected during at least one sampling cycle meet at least one selection criterion indicating a presence of a particle in the mass spectrometer; and (c) determine whether or not to use data in a secondary detection group based on whether or not the at least one selection criterion is met.

Abstract: A mass spectrometer has a particle introduction system and a vaporizer, atomizer, and ionizer configured to produce ions from elements associated with the particle. An ion mass-to-charge ratio analyzer is configured to separate ions according to their mass-to-charge ratio. A detector is positioned to detect at least some of the separated ions. A digital processor is configured to: (a) acquire data from the detector including at least first data in a primary detection group defined to comprise one or more mass-to-charge ratio channels of the mass spectrometer; (b) determine whether or not ions detected during at least one sampling cycle meet at least one selection criterion indicating a presence of a particle in the mass spectrometer; and (c) determine whether or not to use data in a secondary detection group based on whether or not the at least one selection criterion is met.

Abstract: An apparatus for elemental analysis of particles such as single cells or single beads by mass spectrometry is described. The apparatus includes means for particle introduction; means to vaporize, atomize and ionize elements associated with a particle; means to separate the ions according to their mass-to-charge ratio; means to detect the separated ions, means to digitize the output of the means to detect the ions; means to transfer and/or to process and/or record the data output of the means to digitize, having means to detect the presence of a particle in a mass spectrometer; and means to synchronize one of the means for ion detection, data digitization, transfer, processing and recording with the means to detect the presence of a particle. Methods and computer readable code implementing aspects of the apparatus, and for reducing the rates of data generation, digitization, transfer, processing and recording are also described.

Abstract: An apparatus for elemental analysis of particles such as single cells or single beads by mass spectrometry is described. The apparatus includes means for particle introduction; means to vaporize, atomize and ionize elements associated with a particle; means to separate the ions according to their mass-to-charge ratio; means to detect the separated ions, means to digitize the output of the means to detect the ions; means to transfer and/or to process and/or record the data output of the means to digitize, having means to detect the presence of a particle in a mass spectrometer; and means to synchronize one of the means for ion detection, data digitization, transfer, processing and recording with the means to detect the presence of a particle. Methods and computer readable code implementing aspects of the apparatus, and for reducing the rates of data generation, digitization, transfer, processing and recording are also described.

Abstract: An apparatus for elemental analysis of particles such as single cells or single beads by mass spectrometry is described. The apparatus includes means for particle introduction; means to vaporize, atomize and ionize elements associated with a particle; means to separate the ions according to their mass-to-charge ratio; means to detect the separated ions, means to digitize the output of the means to detect the ions; means to transfer and/or to process and/or record the data output of the means to digitize, having means to detect the presence of a particle in a mass spectrometer; and means to synchronize one of the means for ion detection, data digitization, transfer, processing and recording with the means to detect the presence of a particle. Methods and computer readable code implementing aspects of the apparatus, and for reducing the rates of data generation, digitization, transfer, processing and recording are also described.

Abstract: An apparatus for elemental analysis of particles such as single cells or single beads by mass spectrometry is described. The apparatus includes means for particle introduction; means to vaporize, atomize and ionize elements associated with a particle; means to separate the ions according to their mass-to-charge ratio; means to detect the separated ions, means to digitize the output of the means to detect the ions; means to transfer and/or to process and/or record the data output of the means to digitize, having means to detect the presence of a particle in a mass spectrometer; and means to synchronize one of the means for ion detection, data digitization, transfer, processing and recording with the means to detect the presence of a particle. Methods and computer readable code implementing aspects of the apparatus, and for reducing the rates of data generation, digitization, transfer, processing and recording are also described.

Abstract: An apparatus for elemental analysis of particles such as single cells or single beads by mass spectrometry is described. The apparatus includes means for particle introduction; means to vaporize, atomize and ionize elements associated with a particle; means to separate the ions according to their mass-to-charge ratio; means to detect the separated ions, means to digitize the output of the means to detect the ions; means to transfer and/or to process and/or record the data output of the means to digitize, having means to detect the presence of a particle in a mass spectrometer; and means to synchronize one of the means for ion detection, data digitization, transfer, processing and recording with the means to detect the presence of a particle. Methods and computer readable code implementing aspects of the apparatus, and for reducing the rates of data generation, digitization, transfer, processing and recording are also described.

Abstract: Present invention belongs to the field of inverters, motor controllers and pulse modulated waveform generation methods and circuits. More specifically it belongs to such methods and circuits utilizing fundamental vectors. This invention features better and more efficient fundamental vectors. The proposed method offers reduced losses, increased efficiency and longer life time of inverters and motor controllers. Better approximation of a three-phase voltage waveform approaching the ideal one is a significant advantage of the proposed method. Another advantage is an easy decomposition of any point of an ideal sinusoidal voltage waveform into the fundamental vectors. This invention is particularly useful for a vector control of asynchronous AC motors.

Abstract: An apparatus for elemental analysis of particles such as single cells or single beads by mass spectrometry is described. The apparatus includes means for particle introduction; means to vaporize, atomize and ionize elements associated with a particle; means to separate the ions according to their mass-to-charge ratio; means to detect the separated ions, means to digitize the output of the means to detect the ions; means to transfer and/or to process and/or record the data output of the means to digitize, having means to detect the presence of a particle in a mass spectrometer; and means to synchronize one of the means for ion detection, data digitization, transfer, processing and recording with the means to detect the presence of a particle. Methods and computer readable code implementing aspects of the apparatus, and for reducing the rates of data generation, digitization, transfer, processing and recording are also described.

Abstract: In this exciting time of increasingly powerful computer tools only few imaginable things are left to be invented. Recently issued PC multimedia operating system Vista supports speech and hand writing recognition, visual and data streaming and networking, as well as traditional computer powers. Present invention is meant to fulfill the only gap left in computer abilities: which is comprehensive general purpose three-dimensional vision to enable computers to see the world they have changed so much. The main feature of this invention is an advanced and powerful image preprocessing method and apparatus supporting thereof.

Abstract: This invention belongs to the field of wind propelled vehicles. The goal of the invention is to provide large sails creating no overturning force. This is achieved by placing the top part of the sail above the vehicle and the bottom part of the sail aside from the vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention simplifies sailing providing control of one or more sails with a wheel. The proposed system eliminates the need to control boom-footed sails separately, giving benefits of less gear and rig for short handed sailing. The wheel controlling the sails provides visible and obvious correlation between sails control action and achieved result, much like rudder control.

Abstract: A circuit and a method for controlling an electric motor are provided. The circuit and the method are suitable for a conventional three-phase AC motor having three phase terminals and a power source having two terminals. The power source may have a stable DC voltage level, such as a battery, or a floating DC voltage level, such as a rectified AC power source. The invention brings performance of a conventional three-phase AC motor close to performance of a conventional DC motor, with an added advantage of independent torque and speed controls. The circuit and the method are suitable for other types of electric motors, such as brushless DC motor.