Abstract: The present invention provides for a differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) cell comprising a working electrode chamber configured such that an electrolyte enters the working electrode chamber through a channel running through the working electrode.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for producing cyclic and acyclic ketones from trimerization and dimerization of alkyl ketones, including for example methyl ketones. Such cyclic and acyclic ketones may be suitable for use as fuel and lubricant precursors, and may be hydrodeoxygenated to form their corresponding cycloalkanes and alkanes. Such cycloalkanes and alkanes may be suitable for use as fuels, including jet fuels, and lubricants.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) cell comprising a working electrode chamber configured such that an electrolyte enters the working electrode chamber through a channel running through the working electrode.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for producing cyclic and acyclic ketones from trimerization and dimerization of alkyl ketones, including for example methyl ketones. Such cyclic and acyclic ketones may be suitable for use as fuel and lubricant precursors, and may be hydrodeoxygenated to form their corresponding cycloalkanes and alkanes. Such cycloalkanes and alkanes may be suitable for use as fuels, including jet fuels, and lubricants.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for producing cyclic and acyclic ketones from trimerization and dimerization of alkyl ketones, including for example methyl ketones. Such cyclic and acyclic ketones may be suitable for use as fuel and lubricant precursors, and may be hydrodeoxygenated to form their corresponding cycloalkanes and alkanes. Such cycloalkanes and alkanes may be suitable for use as fuels, including jet fuels, and lubricants.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for producing ?,?-unsaturated ketones from the condensation of methyl ketones in the presence of an amine catalyst. Such amine catalysts may be supported, for example, on a silica-alumina support. Such amine catalysts may be used in the presence of an additional acid. The ?,?-unsaturated ketones may be produced by dimerization and/or timerization of the methyl ketones. Such ?,?-unsaturated ketones may be suitable for use in producing fuels, gasoline additives, and/or lubricants, or precursors thereof. The methyl ketones may be obtained from renewable sources, such as by the fermentation of biomass.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for producing ketone(s) from the condensation of methyl ketone(s) and alcohol(s) in the presence of an amine catalyst and a metal catalyst. Such amine catalysts may be supported, for example, on a silica-alumina support. Such ketones may be suitable for use in producing fuels, gasoline additives, and/or lubricants, or precursors thereof. The methyl ketone(s) and/or alcohol(s) may be obtained from renewable sources, such as by fermentation of biomass.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for producing cyclic and acyclic ketones from trimerization and dimerization of alkyl ketones, including for example methyl ketones. Such cyclic and acyclic ketones may be suitable for use as fuel and lubricant precursors, and may be hydrodeoxygenated to form their corresponding cycloalkanes and alkanes. Such cycloalkanes and alkanes may be suitable for use as fuels, including jet fuels, and lubricants.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for producing ketone(s) from the condensation of methyl ketone(s) and alcohol(s) in the presence of an amine catalyst and a metal catalyst. Such amine catalysts may be supported, for example, on a silica-alumina support. Such ketones may be suitable for use in producing fuels, gasoline additives, and/or lubricants, or precursors thereof. The methyl ketone(s) and/or alcohol(s) may be obtained from renewable sources, such as by fermentation of biomass.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for producing ?,?-unsaturated ketones from the condensation of methyl ketones in the presence of an amine catalyst. Such amine catalysts may be supported, for example, on a silica-alumina support. Such amine catalysts may be used in the presence of an additional acid. The ?,?-unsaturated ketones may be produced by dimerization and/or timerization of the methyl ketones. Such ?,?-unsaturated ketones may be suitable for use in producing fuels, gasoline additives, and/or lubricants, or precursors thereof. The methyl ketones may be obtained from renewable sources, such as by the fermentation of biomass.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to the production of fuels, gasoline additives, and/or lubricants, and precursors thereof. The compounds used to produce the fuels, gasoline additives, and/or lubricants, and precursors thereof may be derived from biomass. The fuels, gasoline additives, and/or lubricants, and precursors thereof may be produced by a combination of intermolecular and/or intramolecular aldol condensation reactions, Guerbet reactions, hydrogenation reactions, and/or oligomerization reactions.

Abstract: A method for predicting selective performance of an adsorbent is disclosed. The adsorbent is selected from a list of metals and/or metal cations for use in removing contaminants as thiophene derivatives in hydrocarbon feed. The metals or metal cations are identified from a list having a positive value for Erel, wherein the metal or metal cation having the largest value for Erel is the most selective adsorbent.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to the production of fuels, gasoline additives, and/or lubricants, and precursors thereof. The compounds used to produce the fuels, gasoline additives, and/or lubricants, and precursors thereof may be derived from biomass. The fuels, gasoline additives, and/or lubricants, and precursors thereof may be produced by a combination of intermolecular and/or intramolecular aldol condensation reactions, Guerbet reactions, hydrogenation reactions, and/or oligomerization reactions.

Abstract: A method for predicting selective performance of an adsorbent is disclosed. The adsorbent is selected from a list of metals and/or metal cations for use in removing contaminants as thiophene derivatives in hydrocarbon feed. The metals or metal cations are identified from a list having a positive value for Erel, wherein the metal or metal cation having the largest value for Erel is the most selective adsorbent.

Abstract: A process for the production of lower alkyl alkoxyacetates, preferably methyl methoxyacetate, by reaction of a di-(lower alkoxy)methane, preferably dimethoxymethane, with the acid form of a medium-pore or large-pore zeolite catalyst, preferably the acid form of faujasite, ZSM-5, mordenite, or beta, in the gas phase at atmospheric or near-atmospheric pressures.

Abstract: A process for the production of lower alkyl alkoxyacetates, preferably methyl methoxyacetate, by reaction of a di-(lower alkoxy)methane, preferably dimethoxymethane, with the acid form of a medium-pore or large-pore zeolite catalyst, preferably the acid form of faujasite, ZSM-5, mordenite, or beta, in the gas phase at atmospheric or near-atmospheric pressures.

Abstract: Acetic acid is produced by oxidation of methane with an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of an acid selected from concentrated sulfuric acid and fuming sulfuric acid, a palladium-containing catalyst and a promoter, preferably a copper or iron salt. The addition of a promoter and O2 to a system that includes a palladium-containing catalyst such as PdCl2 increases the rate of acetic acid formation from methane by more than an order of magnitude as compared with prior art and, in addition, inhibits the precipitation of Pd black.

Abstract: Acetyl anhydrides such as acetyl sulfate are produced by a process for comprising contacting methane and carbon dioxide in an anhydrous environment in the presence of effective amounts of a transition metal catalyst and a reaction promoter, and an acid anhydride compound, and optionally an acid. The acetyl anhydride can be contacted with water to produce acetic acid or with an alcohol to produce a product comprising an acetate ester and that may also comprise acetic acid. Optionally, water in stoichiometric amounts or less, with respect to the acetic anhydride, may be fed to a continuous process of this type to produce some acetic acid in situ.

Abstract: An ionized gas plasma is established in an electrical field in contact with a non-vapor volume monomer (liquid and/or solid). The plasma causes polymerization of the monomers which are of the phosphazene or carborane type.

Abstract: An ionized gas plasma is established in an electrical field in contact with a non-vapor volume monomer (liquid and/or solid). The plasma causes polymerization of the monomers which are of the phosphazene or carborane type.