Abstract: A polymeric bead having radius R wherein the polymer comprises 0.3% to 20% by weight, based on the weight of the polymer, of polymerized units of one or more multifunctional vinyl monomer and 80% to 99.7% by weight, based on the weight of the polymer, of polymerized units of one or more monofunctional vinyl monomer, (a) wherein the polymerized units of multifunctional vinyl monomer have radial distribution factor MR of 0.9 to 1.1, and (b) wherein some of the vinyl groups in the polymerized units of multivinyl monomer are unreacted, and the unreacted vinyl groups have a radial distribution factor VR of 2.5 or higher.

Abstract: Provided is a collection of polymeric beads, wherein the beads comprise (i) 75 to 99% by weight, based on the weight of the bead, polymerized units of monofunctional vinyl monomer, and (ii) 1 to 25% by weight, based on the weight of the bead, polymerized units of multifunctional vinyl monomer; wherein, within each bead, the average concentration of moles of polymerized units of multifunctional vinyl monomer per cubic micrometer is MVAV; wherein, within each bead, T1000 is a sequence of 1,000 unique connected polymerized monomer units; wherein, within each T1000, MVSEQ is the weight percent polymerized units of multifunctional vinyl monomer, based on the weight of T1000; wherein MVRATIO=MVSEQ/MVAV; and wherein 90% or more of the beads by volume are uniform beads, wherein a uniform bead is a bead in which 90% or more of all T1000 sequences has MVRATIO of 1.5 or less.

Abstract: Provided is method of treating a collection of resin beads (a) comprising the steps of (a) providing the collection of resin beads (a), wherein the resin beads (a) comprise one or more vinyl polymers having quaternary ammonium groups; wherein 90 mole % or more of the quaternary ammonium groups are each associated with a chloride anion; (b) bringing the collection of resin beads (a) into contact with an aqueous solution (b) comprising one or more dissolved (M)nXq to form a mixture (b), (c) separating water and compounds dissolved in the water from the mixture (b), to form resin beads (c) and waste solution (bw); (d) bringing resin beads (c) into contact with an aqueous solution (c) comprising dissolved (M3)(OH)p, to form a mixture (d).

Abstract: Provided is a collection of resin beads, wherein the resin beads comprise one or more vinyl polymers having quaternary ammonium groups; wherein cation exchange resin, if present in the collection of resin beads, is present in an amount of 0 to 0.5% by weight based on the weight of the collection of resin beads; wherein 90 mole % or more of the quaternary ammonium groups are each associated with a hydroxide anion; wherein sodium, if present, is present in an amount of 0-100 ppb by weight, based on the weight of the collection of resin beads.

Abstract: Provided is method of treating a collection of resin beads (a) comprising the steps of (a) providing the collection of resin beads (a), wherein the resin beads (a) comprise one or more vinyl polymers having quaternary ammonium groups; wherein 90 mole % or more of the quaternary ammonium groups are each associated with a chloride anion; (b) bringing the collection of resin beads (a) into contact with an aqueous solution (b) comprising one or more dissolved (M)nXq to form a mixture (b), (c) separating water and compounds dissolved in the water from the mixture (b), to form resin beads (c) and waste solution (bw); (d) bringing resin beads (c) into contact with an aqueous solution (c) comprising dissolved (M3)(OH)p, to form a mixture (d).

Abstract: Provided is a collection of polymeric beads, wherein the beads comprise (i) 75 to 99% by weight, based on the weight of the bead, polymerized units of monofunctional vinyl monomer, and (ii) 1 to 25% by weight, based on the weight of the bead, polymerized units of multifunctional vinyl monomer; wherein, within each bead, the average concentration of moles of polymerized units of multifunctional vinyl monomer per cubic micrometer is MVAV; wherein, within each bead, T1000 is a sequence of 1,000 unique connected polymerized monomer units; wherein, within each T1000, MVSEQ is the weight percent polymerized units of multifunctional vinyl monomer, based on the weight of T1000; wherein MVRATIO=MVSEQ/MVAV; and wherein 90% or more of the beads by volume are uniform beads, wherein a uniform bead is a bead in which 90% or more of all T1000 sequences has MVRATIO of 1.5 or less.

Abstract: A polymeric bead having radius R wherein the polymer comprises 0.3% to 20% by weight, based on the weight of the polymer, of polymerized units of one or more multifunctional vinyl monomer and 80% to 99.7% by weight, based on the weight of the polymer, of polymerized units of one or more monofunctional vinyl monomer, (a) wherein the polymerized units of multifunctional vinyl monomer have radial distribution factor MR of 0.9 to 1.1, and (b) wherein some of the vinyl groups in the polymerized units of multivinyl monomer are unreacted, and the unreacted vinyl groups have a radial distribution factor VR of 2.5 or higher.

Abstract: Provided is a method of making droplets distributed in an aqueous medium comprising bringing into contact (i) an organic solution comprising 0.002% or more of one or more boronic acids, by weight based on the weight of the organic solution, and (ii) an aqueous solution comprising polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: Provided is a composition comprising droplets distributed in an aqueous medium, wherein the droplets comprise one or more boronic acids, and wherein the aqueous medium comprises polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: Provided is a method of suspension polymerization comprising (I) providing a composition comprising droplets distributed in an aqueous medium, wherein the droplets comprise one or more boronic acids, one or more monomers, and one or more initiators, and wherein the aqueous medium comprises polyvinyl alcohol; wherein the one or more boronic acids are present in an amount of 0.002% or more, by weight based on the weight of the droplets, and (II) stressing the composition so that the initiator initiates polymerization of the monomer.

Abstract: Provided is a method of regenerating an acrylic resin (B2), comprising (A) providing a collection of particles of acrylic resin (B2) that has calculated Hansch parameter of ?1.0 to 2.5, wherein one or more humic acid, one or more fulvic acid, or a mixture thereof, is adsorbed onto said acrylic resin (B2), and (B) bringing said collection of particles of acrylic resin (B2) into contact with an aqueous solution (RB) having pH of 10 or higher, to form a mixture B2RB, (C) then separating acrylic resin (B4) from said mixture B2RB.

Abstract: Provided is a method of regenerating an acrylic resin (B2), comprising (A) providing a collection of particles of acrylic resin (B2) that has calculated Hansch parameter of ?1.0 to 2.5, wherein one or more humic acid, one or more fulvic acid, or a mixture thereof, is adsorbed onto said acrylic resin (B2), and (B) bringing said collection of particles of acrylic resin (B2) into contact with an aqueous solution (RA) having pH of 4 or lower, to form a mixture B2RA, (C) then separating acrylic resin (B3) from said mixture B2RA.

Abstract: Provided is a catalyst composition comprising (a) a collection of resin beads having sulfonic acid functional groups, (b) a promoter having a thiol group and an amine group, and (c) an antioxidant having the structure (I) wherein each of R1 and R2, and R3 is hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkenyl group wherein n is 0 to 10, with the proviso that when R3 contains one or more nitrogen atoms, n is not 1 or 2.

Abstract: Provided is a method of regenerating an acrylic resin (B2), comprising (A) providing a collection of particles of acrylic resin (B2) that has calculated Hansch parameter of ?1.0 to 2.5, wherein one or more humic acid, one or more fulvic acid, or a mixture thereof, is adsorbed onto said acrylic resin (B2), and (B) bringing said collection of particles of acrylic resin (B2) into contact with an aqueous solution (RB) having pH of 10 or higher, to form a mixture B2RB, (C) then separating acrylic resin (B4) from said mixture B2RB.

Abstract: Provided is a method for reacting a resin with sulfuric acid comprising the step of heating a reaction mixture to a temperature of 80° C. or higher, wherein said reaction mixture comprises (a) a collection of copolymer particles (A), (b) sulfuric acid, and (c) a collection of solid particles (B) different from said copolymer particles (A), wherein said solid particles (B) have BET surface area of 50 m2/g to 5,000 m2/g.

Abstract: Provided is vinyl aromatic resin comprising benzyl alcohol groups, benzyl ether groups, and methylene bridge groups, wherein the mole ratio of the benzyl ether groups to the methylene bridge groups is from 0.002:1 to 0.1:1, wherein the vinyl aromatic resin either has no amine groups or else has amine groups in a mole ratio of the sum of all amine groups to aromatic rings of 0.1:1 or lower.

Abstract: Provided is a method of treating a vinyl aromatic resin (I) comprising (a) bringing the vinyl aromatic resin (I) into contact with an alcohol, and maintaining the contact between the vinyl aromatic resin (I) and the alcohol for 10 minutes or more, and (b) bringing the vinyl aromatic resin into contact with a base. wherein the vinyl aromatic resin (I), prior to steps (a) and (b), has benzyl chloride groups, benzyl alcohol groups, and methylene bridge groups.

Abstract: Provided is a method of hydrogenation comprising forming a reaction mixture comprising (a) one or more reactant selected from the group consisting of phenol, one or more derivatives of phenol, and mixtures thereof; (b) hydrogen; and (c) catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises beads that comprise one or more acid-functional organic resin and one or more metal selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, silver, gold, rhodium, ruthenium, copper, iridium, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Provided is a method of purifying water comprising (a) providing an aqueous solution (A) that has pH of 5.5 or lower and that comprises (i) one or more dissolved organic compounds in an amount of 5 mg/L or more, measured as dissolved organic carbon, and (ii) 95% or more water by weight based on the weight of the aqueous solution (A), and (b) bringing the aqueous solution (A) into contact with a collection of particles of acrylic resin (B) that has calculated Hansch parameter of ?1.0 to 2.5, and (c) then separating an aqueous solution (C) from the collection of particles of acrylic resin (B).

Abstract: A method of removing colloidal cobalt from an aqueous composition comprising bringing the aqueous composition into contact with a vinyl aromatic resin, wherein the vinyl aromatic resin comprises benzyl alcohol groups, benzyl ether groups, and methylene bridge groups, wherein the vinyl aromatic resin has a chlorine content, by weight based on the weight of resin, of 10,000 ppm or less.