Abstract: A cryogenic air separation system having enhanced liquid production capacity wherein a feed air stream bypasses the primary heat exchanger and is processed through cooling and warming passes of a feed air liquefier to produce liquid feed air for introduction into the cryogenic air separation plant.

Abstract: A method for generating refrigeration, especially over a wide temperature range including cryogenic temperatures, wherein a non-toxic, non-flammable and low or non-ozone-depleting mixture is formed from defined components and maintained in variable load form through compression, cooling, expansion and warming steps in a refrigeration cycle.

Abstract: There is disclosed a highly purified complex comprising the components factor VIII and vWF having a specific activity of at least 70, preferably 100 to 300 U factor VIII:C/mg, a stable pharmaceutical preparation containing this complex as well as a method of producing the same.

Abstract: A cryogenic rectification system wherein some or all of the refrigeration necessary to drive the rectification is generated by providing a pulse to a gas and then passing the compressed gas to a pulse tube wherein the gas expands in a wave generating refrigeration at one end of the pulse tube for transfer into the rectification system.

Abstract: A cryogenic air separation process for producing liquid oxygen and other liquid products wherein refrigeration generation for the process is decoupled from the flow of process streams and is produced at least in part by at least on multicomponent refrigerant fluid refrigeration circuit.

Abstract: A cryogenic air separation process having improved flexibility and operating efficiency for producing elevated pressure gaseous oxygen by vaporizing pressurized liquid oxygen wherein refrigeration generation for the process is decoupled from the flow of process streams and is produced by one or more multicomponent refrigerant fluid circuits.

Abstract: A cryogenic air separation process having improved flexibility and operating efficiency wherein refrigeration generation for the process is decoupled from the flow of process streams and is produced by one or more closed loop circuits.

Abstract: A cryogenic rectification method wherein both nitrogen gas and liquid are efficiently produced from air employing one or two columns wherein refrigeration to drive the cryogenic separation is provided by a, preferably closed loop, multicomponent refrigerant fluid refrigeration circuit.

Abstract: A system for generating refrigeration and providing the refrigeration into a cryogenic rectification plant wherein, in addition to refrigeration generated by turboexpansion, further refrigeration for the plant is generated by a recirculating multicomponent refrigerant in a refrigeration circuit.

Abstract: A method for more efficiently cooling and liquefying industrial gas wherein refrigeration for the cooling and liquefaction is generated using first and second defined multicomponent refrigerant fluids in separate refrigeration circuits to cover a wide temperature range from ambient to cryogenic temperature.

Abstract: A method for generating refrigeration, especially over a wide temperature range including cryogenic temperatures, wherein a non-toxic, non-flammable and low or non-ozone-depleting mixture is formed from defined components and maintained in variable load form through compression, cooling, expansion and warming steps in a refrigeration cycle.

Abstract: A system for cooling a fluid particularly to a cryogenic temperature wherein a multicomponent refrigerant fluid is partially condensed, the liquid used to generate refrigeration to cool the product by recycle into an upstream portion of the warming leg of the refrigeration circuit, and the vapor, having a different composition than the liquid, is used to generate refrigeration at a colder temperature for further cooling of the product.

Abstract: A method for low temperature separation of fluids wherein the separation process is sustained by refrigeration generated by a recirculating multicomponent refrigerant fluid.

Abstract: A method for more efficiently liquefying industrial gas wherein refrigeration for the liquefaction is generated using a defined multicomponent refrigerant fluid and provided by a single flow circuit over a wide temperature range from ambient to cryogenic temperature.

Abstract: A method for liquefying an industrial gas wherein a portion of the requisite refrigeration is generated by a multicomponent refrigerant circuit and a portion is generated by turboexpansion of either a portion of the industrial gas or a portion of the multicomponent refrigerant.

Abstract: A method for cleaning and recycling protective atmosphere for a float glass facility wherein contaminated protective atmosphere is cooled, preferably while scrubbing out particulates, compressed, and then purified by passage through a bed comprising water selective and hydrogen sulfide selective adsorbents.

Abstract: A cryogenic air separation plant or a combined pressure swing adsorption plant and membrane separation plant is integrated with a float glass manufacturing system wherein oxygen from the plant is used for oxy-fuel combustion in the melt furnace and nitrogen from the plant is used as a protective atmosphere in the float glass forming chamber.

Abstract: A scrap-melting electric arc furnace operating at an elevated melting power having a simple construction that also avoids thermal loads of the side wall caused by the electrodes. The electrodes are protected from damage during scrap-charging. The electric arc furnace includes a bottom for receiving a melt. An upper part rises from the bottom part and has side walls. A lid covers the upper part. A charging shaft is disposed approximately centrically relative to the upper part, and has a diameter that is substantially smaller than the diameter of the upper part. The charging shaft interior communicates with the furnace interior via an opening in the lid. Electrodes arranged approximately radially symmetrically are directed obliquely into the furnace interior and project toward the center of the electric arc furnace.

Abstract: A system for producing cryogenic liquefied industrial gas, especially useful in conjunction with a non-cryogenic industrial gas production facility, wherein the output of the industrial gas production facility is pressurized, a portion passed to the use point, and another portion is condensed against a turboexpanded stream which is also taken from the pressurized gas.

Abstract: A process for the production of 17.alpha.-hydroxy-3-methoxy-8,14-seco-1,3,5 (10),9(11)estratetraen-14-one by fermentation of 3-methoxy-8,14-seco-1,3,5(10),9(11) -estratetraene-14,17-dione with a live culture of Kloeckera magna is described, which is characterized in that the substrate is reacted in the form of a solventless aqueous suspension with an average grain size of 0.2 to 5 .mu.m.