Abstract: In an electric arc furnace system for making steel, a method and structure (1) for eliminating teeming hang-ups and ensuring temperature homogeneity in a ladle which teems into an ingot mold by gas purging at all possible steps under both atmospheric and vacuum conditions, and (2) for preventing non-metallic inclusions from appearing in the final product by deflecting the granular material in the teeming ladle well block away from the ingot mold by a heat resistant but combustible deflector just prior to entry of the teeming stream into the ingot mold.

Abstract: In an electric arc furnace system for making steel, a method and structure (1) for eliminating teeming hang-ups and ensuring temperature homogeneity in a ladle which teems into an ingot mold by gas purging at all possible steps under both atmospheric and vacuum conditions, and (2) for preventing non-metallic inclusions from appearing in the final product by deflecting the granular material in the teeming ladle well block away from the ingot mold by a heat resistant but combustible deflector just prior to entry of the teeming stream into the ingot mold.

Abstract: In an electric arc furnace system for making steel, a method and structure (1) for eliminating teeming hang-ups and ensuring temperature homogeneity in a ladle which teems into an ingot mold by gas purging at all possible steps under both atmospheric and vacuum conditions, and (2) for preventing non-metallic inclusions from appearing in the final product by deflecting the granular material in the teeming ladle well block away from the ingot mold by a heat resistant but combustible deflector just prior to entry of the teeming stream into the ingot mold.

Abstract: A combined arc furnace, ladle metallurgical furnace and vacuum degassing system having the flexibility to produce at least non-vacuum arc remelt, vacuum arc remelt, vacuum oxygen decarburized non-vacuum arc remelt, and vacuum oxygen decarburized vacuum arc remelt steels from one off to continuous casting end uses in steady state or randomized order which utilizes only a minimum of energy attributable to preheating hot metal contacting components of the system followed by heat loss reduction of the components and use of a carryover heel in the arc furnace, in which the throughput of the system is limited solely by the melting capacity of the arc furnace.

Abstract: A combined arc furnace, ladle metallurgical furnace and vacuum degassing system having the flexibility to produce at least non-vacuum arc remelt, vacuum arc remelt, vacuum oxygen decarburized non-vacuum arc remelt, and vacuum oxygen decarburized vacuum arc remelt steels from one off to continuous casting end uses in steady state or randomized order which utilizes only a minimum of energy attributable to preheating hot metal contacting components of the system followed by heat loss reduction of the components and use of a carryover heel in the arc furnace, in which the throughput of the system is limited solely by the melting capacity of the arc furnace.

Abstract: Differential hardening apparatus for softening a portion only of a metal workpiece such as a die block consisting of apparatus for presenting a workpiece to a heat source which impinges heat directly on the workpiece and control means for causing the heat to be directed only long enough to soften only the portion which receives the heat so as to create a softened portion, such as the shank portion of a die block, and an unaffected hardened portion, such as the body portion of the die block.

Abstract: A method of heat treating tool steel by using a high intensity infrared heating source, said source being tungsten halogen heat lamps which operate in air, non-air and/or vacuum environments, and a tool steel heat treat system which includes a furnace containing said tungsten halogen lamp means, a lining of a reflective metal and, preferably, support structure for the tool steel workpieces which are composed of ceramic or other high melting point material.

Abstract: Apparatus for softening a selected portion of a steel object which comprises subjecting the selected portion to electrical energy derived from induction heating or infrared heating to a controlled depth, preferably just sufficiently deep to soften said portion but not sufficiently deep to soften the remainder of the part.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for tempering the shank portion only of die blocks which comprises subjecting the shank portion of a die block or other large metal part to electrical energy derived from induction heating or infrared heating to a controlled depth, preferably just sufficiently deep to temper the shank portion but not sufficiently deep to temper the hardened working portion of the part.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for tempering the shank portion only of die blocks which comprises subjecting the shank portion of a die block or other large metal part to electrical energy derived from induction heating or infrared heating to a controlled depth, preferably just sufficiently deep to temper the shank portion but not sufficiently deep to temper the hardened working portion of the part.

Abstract: A tool for glass molding operations, particularly television tubes, having high oxidation resistance so that ice imperfections on a formed workpiece are eliminated or drastically reduced, said tool having the following approximate composition by weight percent: C 0.23-0.38, Mn 0.40-1.00, P 0.040 max, S 0.030 max, Si 0.00-1.20, Ni 1.0-3.0, Cr 14.0-20.0, Mo 0.25-1.00, V 0.10 max, Cu 0.50-1.50, Al 0.50-1.

Abstract: A die casting die and a Cr--Mo--V steel therefore having an ultimate strength of 190,000 psi, a yield strength of 160,000, a tempering response of 400 BHN at a tempering temperature of 1150.degree. F. and final gas contents of N--70 ppm, O--30 ppm and H--about 1.0 following a double vacuum melting process which includes vacuum arc degassing and vacuum arc remelt followed by annealing and heating in two stages to 1885.degree. F., soaking, rapid quenching, tempering twice and stress tempering.

Abstract: A steel and tool made therefrom which in a tempered condition of 388 BHN or softer has high strength, high wear resistance together with excellent toughness in the range of 15% elongation and 35 ft-lbs. charpy and having the following composition:______________________________________ C .33-.39 Mn .50-.70 P .025 max. S .025 max. Si .40-.60 Ni 1.05-1.35 Cr 1.33-1.68 Mo .40-.60 Cu .60-.90 Al .010-.

Abstract: Fabricated components, such as plastic injection molds, forging tools and machine components formed from a fine grained, low phosphorus, high hardness, high wear resistance, high hardenability, good machineability and high polishability, low alloy steel which is suitable for applications at elevated temperatures and at room temperatures, and an alloy steel having the following composition,______________________________________ C .45-.60 Mn .75-.95 P .017 max S .025 max Si .15-.35 Ni .60-2.00 Cr .85-1.30 Mo .40-.85 V 0-.30 Al 0-.030 Ti .003-.020 N.sub.2 40-90 ppm ______________________________________the S, V and Al all being present in at least a small but effective amount, said steel and fabricated parts made therefrom being characterized by austenite grain boundaries being pinned with titanium nitrides.

Abstract: A plastic industry prototype mold and steel therefor having machining speed and weldability characteristics competitive with aluminum alloys, and a method of manufacture thereof, said composition containing C 0.05-0.35, Mn .50-1.50, P 0.025.times., S 0.100.times., Si 0.50.times., Ni 0.35-0.75, Mo 0.30-0.70, Cu 0.75-1.50, Al 0.20.times. and Fe bal.

Abstract: A maraging type magnetic hot work implement, such as a forging die, or a tool, such as a turbine blade, having Ni.sub.3 Mo, Ni.sub.3 Al and, preferably, Ni.sub.3 Ti strengthening precipitates dispersed uniformly, and being substantially Co free, said product having the following approximate composition by weight percent:______________________________________ C less than .20 Mn .80 max P .015 max S .010 max Si .15-.35 Ni 6.00-16.00 Cr 6.00-14.00 Mo 2.00-6.00 V 0.3-.15 Ti 0.00-4.00 Al .20-8.00 Fe balance together with incidental impurities and other elements not significantly adversely affecting performance ______________________________________and methods of manufacture thereof.

Abstract: A dual purpose steel having high strength, high hardness, high wear resistance, high hardenability and easy machining and therefore being equally well suited for (a) elevated temperature closed die forging (b) room temperature machine part applications, such as gears, pinions, etc.

Abstract: A warm forging implement having high tensile strength, high abrasion resistance, high impact strength and high ductility and a composition within the following ranges:______________________________________ C .28-.36 Mn .40-1.00 P Usual S Usual Si up to .35 Ni 1.65-3.40 Cr .80-1.30 Mo .40-1.00 V .05-.15 ______________________________________and a method of manufacture thereof which includes either single or double vacuum treatment, the second vacuum treatment being vacuum arc remelting.

Abstract: A 12 percent stainless-type steel having high polishability characterized by high carbon, moderate Mo and a combination of V and Nb not to exceed about 0.1 percent, and a method of production which includes forming a vacuum arc remelt electrode by means of vacuum arc degassing treatment and protective pouring.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing high quality steel having less than about 1 ppm H, 50 ppm N, 25 ppm O and 0.005 S which includes subjection to vacuum, gas purging, and alternating current heating arcs, followed by shrouded pouring into sealed ingot molds to form a VAR electrode which is subsequently remelted under a very low absolute vacuum and re-solidified.