Abstract: A photovoltaic cell includes a junction, formed from an n-type semiconductor material and a p-type semiconductor material, a trench, opening toward the light-incident side of the junction, for trapping reflected light, and two photon conversion layers. A first photon conversion layer, arranged at the light-incident side of the junction, converts photons from a higher energy to a lower energy suitable for absorption by the semiconductor material, and a second photon conversion layer, arranged at the opposite side of the junction, converts photons from a lower energy to a higher energy suitable for absorption by the semiconductor material.

Abstract: A collet assembly connects two tubular members with a rotation of an outer sleeve. The collet assembly includes a first tubular member with a grooved outer diameter end. The end is inserted into a collet having grooved inner and outer diameter surfaces, and an outer annular sleeve is threaded onto the collet. A grooved outer diameter end of a second tubular member is inserted into the collet. The outer annular sleeve is rotated relative to the collet. The rotation causes the collet to partially disengage from the outer annular sleeve and fully engage the grooves of the ends of the first tubular member and the second tubular member, thereby securing the first tubular member to the second tubular member.

Abstract: An intermediate hydrogen separation and absorption-based purification system is integrated with a hydrocracking process for the production of relatively lower molecular weight products from a relatively heavy feedstock including sulfur-containing and nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon compounds. The integrated process allows the processing of heavy hydrocarbon feedstock having high nitrogen and high sulfur contents in a single-stage configuration and the using of noble metal catalyst in the hydrocracking reaction zone. The integrated process increases the overall catalytic activity and hydrogenation capability to produce superior distillate products.

Abstract: An intermediate hydrogen separation and purification system is integrated with a hydrotreating and an aromatic saturation process for the production of relatively lower molecular weight products from a relatively heavy feedstock including sulfur-containing and aromatic-containing hydrocarbon compounds. The integrated process allows the processing of heavy hydrocarbon feedstock having high aromatic and high sulfur contents in a single-stage configuration and the using of noble metal catalyst in the aromatic saturation zone. The integrated process increases the overall catalytic activity and hydrogenation capability to produce superior distillate products.

Abstract: An intermediate hydrogen separation and purification system is integrated with a hydrotreating and an aromatic saturation process for the production of relatively lower molecular weight products from a relatively heavy feedstock including sulfur-containing and aromatic-containing hydrocarbon compounds. The integrated process allows the processing of heavy hydrocarbon feedstock having high aromatic and high sulfur contents in a single-stage configuration and the using of noble metal catalyst in the aromatic saturation zone. The integrated process increases the overall catalytic activity and hydrogenation capability to produce superior distillate products.

Abstract: A collet assembly connects two tubular members with a rotation of an outer sleeve. The collet assembly includes a first tubular member with a grooved outer diameter end. The end is inserted into a collet having grooved inner and outer diameter surfaces, and an outer annular sleeve is threaded onto the collet. A grooved outer diameter end of a second tubular member is inserted into the collet. The outer annular sleeve is rotated relative to the collet. The rotation causes the collet to partially disengage from the outer annular sleeve and fully engage the grooves of the ends of the first tubular member and the second tubular member, thereby securing the first tubular member to the second tubular member.

Abstract: Modified surfactants may be added to an oil-based drilling fluid where the modified surfactant is selected from the group consisting of an extended surfactant, a dendritic surfactant, a dendritic extended surfactant, and combinations thereof. These oil-based drilling fluids may be used for drilling a well through a subterranean reservoir, while circulating the oil-based drilling fluid through the wellbore. The oil-based drilling fluid may include at least modified surfactant, at least one non-polar continuous phase, and at least one polar non-continuous phase. The modified surfactant may have propoxylated/ethoxylated spacer arms extensions. The modified surfactant may have intramolecular mixtures containing hydrophilic and lipophilic portions. They attain high solubilization in the oil-based drilling fluid and may be, in some instances, insensitive to temperature making them useful for a wide variety of oil types.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell includes a junction, formed from an n-type semiconductor material and a p-type semiconductor material, a trench, opening toward the light-incident side of the junction, for trapping reflected light, and two photon conversion layers. A first photon conversion layer, arranged at the light-incident side of the junction, converts photons from a higher energy to a lower energy suitable for absorption by the semiconductor material, and a second photon conversion layer, arranged at the opposite side of the junction, converts photons from a lower energy to a higher energy suitable for absorption by the semiconductor material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to alternative methods for the production of crystalline silicon compounds and/or alloys such as silicon carbide layers and substrates. In one embodiment, a method of the present invention comprises heating a porous silicon deposition surface of a porous silicon substrate to a temperature operable for epitaxial deposition of at least one atom or molecule, contacting the porous silicon deposition surface with a reactive gas mixture comprising at least one chemical species comprising a group IV element and at least one silicon chemical species, and depositing a silicon-group IV element layer on the porous silicon deposition surface. In another embodiment, the chemical species comprising a group IV element can be replaced with a transition metal species to form a silicon silicide layer.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and systems are described as relating to electrostatic sensors for detection in micro or nano electromechanical systems. In exemplary embodiments, a sensor for detecting a threshold value of is provided. The sensor includes a deformable member with a mass detection area, an electrostatic actuator having first and second plates, the first plate being connected to the mass detection area, and a voltage source connected to each of the first and second plate. The operating voltage being proximate to a local bifurcation point of the electrostatic sensor for the first and second plates to pull-in together. Upon an external mass having the threshold value appearing on the mass detection area, the local bifurcation point of the electrostatic sensor is shifted such that the first and second plates will pull in to contact each other by movement of the deformable member to signal detection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to alternative methods for the production of crystalline silicon compounds and/or alloys such as silicon carbide layers and substrates. In one embodiment, a method of the present invention comprises heating a porous silicon deposition surface of a porous silicon substrate to a temperature operable for epitaxial deposition of at least one atom or molecule, contacting the porous silicon deposition surface with a reactive gas mixture comprising at least one chemical species comprising a group IV element and at least one silicon chemical species, and depositing a silicon-group IV element layer on the porous silicon deposition surface. In another embodiment, the chemical species comprising a group IV element can be replaced with a transition metal species to form a silicon silicide layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to alternative methods for the production of crystalline silicon compounds and/or alloys such as silicon carbide layers and substrates.

Abstract: Optoelectronic devices are provided that incorporate quantum dots as the electroluminescent layer in an inorganic wide-bandgap heterostructure. The quantum dots serve as the optically active component of the device and, in multilayer quantum dot embodiments, facilitate nanoscale epitaxial lateral overgrowth (NELOG) in heterostructures having non-lattice matched substrates. The quantum dots in such devices will be electrically pumped and exhibit electroluminescence, as opposed to being optically pumped and exhibiting photoluminescence. There is no inherent “Stokes loss” in electroluminescence thus the devices of the present invention have potentially higher efficiency than optically pumped quantum dot devices. Devices resulting from the present invention are capable of providing deep green visible light, as well as, any other color in the visible spectrum, including white light by blending different sizes and compositions of the dots and controlling manufacturing processes.

Abstract: Optoelectronic devices are provided that incorporate quantum dots as the electroluminescent layer in an inorganic wide-bandgap heterostructure. The quantum dots serve as the optically active component of the device and, in multilayer quantum dot embodiments, facilitate nanoscale epitaxial lateral overgrowth (NELOG) in heterostructures having non-lattice matched substrates. The quantum dots in such devices will be electrically pumped and exhibit electroluminescence, as opposed to being optically pumped and exhibiting photoluminescence. There is no inherent “Stokes loss” in electroluminescence thus the devices of the present invention have potentially higher efficiency than optically pumped quantum dot devices. Devices resulting from the present invention are capable of providing deep green visible light, as well as, any other color in the visible spectrum, including white light by blending different sizes and compositions of the dots and controlling manufacturing processes.

Abstract: A control system for reducing cargo pendulation. The control system calculates a correction factor and adds the correction factor for the operator input motions in addition to the motion of the platform in order to provide a reference position of the suspension point of the hoisting cable. The reference position is then provided to a tracking controller so that the crane can be forced to track the needed motions for reducing the cargo pendulation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to alternative methods for the production of crystalline silicon compounds and/or alloys such as silicon carbide layers and substrates. In one embodiment, a method of the present invention comprises heating a porous silicon deposition surface of a porous silicon substrate to a temperature operable for expitaxial deposition of at least one atom or molecule, contacting the porous silicon deposition surface with a reactive gas mixture comprising at least one chemical species comprising a group IV element and at least one silicon chemical species, and depositing a silicon-group IV element layer on the porous silicon deposition surface. In another embodiment, the chemical species comprising a group IV element can be replaced with a transition metal species to form a silicon silicide layer.

Abstract: The diesel purifier produces a fuel of high purity that meets the full ignition requirements at the combustion chamber of the engine. The purifier comprises a purification chamber encapsulated by an external body of the unit wherein, the purification chamber has a barrier with conical and cylindrical parts surrounded by a filter, such that fuel flows from the unit inlet through a pipe to the conical part, further wherein the upper part of the unit has a relief valve, the lower part has a heating element, and a water sensor connectable to sound and light indicators at a cabin dash board, and at the bottom there is a drain valve and filter, which is secured at the outlet of the unit. The above purification process depends on causing of some differences in the density of contaminants which contributes towards the settling of heavy impurities and the light contaminants are separated by a wire filter assembly.

Abstract: Optoelectronic devices are provided that incorporate quantum dots as the electroluminescent layer in an inorganic wide-bandgap heterostructure. The quantum dots serve as the optically active component of the device and, in multilayer quantum dot embodiments, facilitate nanoscale epitaxial lateral overgrowth (NELOG) in heterostructures having non-lattice matched substrates. The quantum dots in such devices will be electrically pumped and exhibit electroluminescence, as opposed to being optically pumped and exhibiting photoluminescence. There is no inherent “Stokes loss” in electroluminescence thus the devices of the present invention have potentially higher efficiency than optically pumped quantum dot devices. Devices resulting from the present invention are capable of providing deep green visible light, as well as, any other color in the visible spectrum, including white light by blending different sizes and compositions of the dots and controlling manufacturing processes.

Abstract: The invention consists of a flat panel display device that combines the simplicity of manufacture of a TFEL display with the phosphor stimulation capabilities of an FED. A phosphor such a ZnS:Mn can act as both an EL phosphor and as a cathodoluminescent phosphor. The phosphor is deposited on a porous silicon underlayer that contains a labyrinth of fissures, voids, hillocks, and microscopically rough surfaces. At the phosphor-porous silicon interface, the labyrinthine surface possesses hundreds to thousands of electric field line compression points that can be characterized by an average field enhancement. When this underlayer is the cathode, high energy electrons are injected into the phosphor producing substantial light emission even at low applied fields. Additionally, the surrounding silicon is available to integrate drive circuitry and provide a TFT at each pixel, if needed.

Abstract: A control system for reducing cargo pendulation. The control system calculates a correction factor and adds the correction factor for the operator input motions in addition to the motion of the platform in order to provide a reference position of the suspension point of the hoisting cable. The reference position is then provided to a tracking controller so that the crane can be forced to track the needed motions for reducing the cargo pendulation.