Abstract: The fully adaptive fault location method is based on synchronized phasor measurements obtained by Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). The method utilizes only PMU synchronized measurements and does not require any data to be provided by the electric utility. Line parameters for each section of the line and Thevenin's equivalents (TEs) of the system at each of three terminals are determined online, utilizing three independent sets of pre-fault PMU measurements. This ensures that the actual operating conditions of the system are adequately considered. Simulation results show that the present method is capable of producing reliable and very accurate solutions.

Abstract: The adaptive phasor measurement unit (PMU)-based series-compensated line (SCL) fault location method uses three different sets of pre-fault voltage and current phasor measurements at both terminals of the SCL. The three sets of local PMU measurements at each terminal are used for online calculation of a respective Thevenin Equivalent (TE). This enables representation of the power system pre-fault network with a reduced two-terminal equivalent system. The PMU measurements are also utilized for online calculation of the SCL parameters. This non-iterative method does not need knowledge of a time elapsed for the wave propagation from a fault point to a sending end and a receiving end. Two subroutines SA and SB are used for locating faults. A selection procedure is applied for indicating the valid subroutine and, hence, the actual fault location.

Abstract: The adaptive fault location method for power system networks utilizes phasor measurement units (PMUs) disposed at disparate locations to obtain synchronized phasor measurements. Three different sets of pre-fault voltage and current phasor measurements are obtained at both terminals of the line under test. The three sets of local PMU measurements at each terminal are used for online calculation of a corresponding system's Thevenin equivalent (TE). This representation of the power system pre-fault network is a reduced two-terminal equivalent. Using the method of multiple measurements with linear regression (MMLR), the three sets of PMU measurements are also employed for online calculation of the transmission line parameters (series resistance, series reactance and shunt susceptance). Online determination of the TEs and line parameters can enhance fault location accuracy by avoiding possible mismatch with the actual parameters due to system loading and other environmental conditions.