Abstract: Systems and methods are provided, which facilitate operations planning, dispatch, regulation control, and autonomous control performance. The disclosure also facilitates systems and methods for utilization of synthetic primary frequency response, synthetic inertia, regulation and load following/ramping reserve capabilities from Demand Response and Distributed Energy Resources for balancing demand and supply and maintaining frequency levels across a power grid.

Abstract: A process/method is provided, which facilitates achieving and obtaining realistic, accurate voltage observability of end customer service delivery points within the secondary distribution level using the alarming capability of intelligent data gathering and communication technology devices such as, but not necessarily limited to SCADA systems, distribution system RTU or SCADA, smart meters, smart gateways, and Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) meters, or any device known in the art capable of sending alarm signals when voltage is detected above or below a predetermined threshold (generally herein defined as “Advanced Meters”). Such system and methods can be applied for many uses comprised of monitoring the energy grid, energy demand management and other energy industry applications, while minimizing operating and infrastructure/hardware costs.

Abstract: A system and process/method of modeling demand-response (DR) and distributed-energy resource (DER) assets is provided, facilitating the aggregation of said assets in virtual power plants (VPPs), and using VPPs to provide energy balancing services needed to minimize the impact of Variable Energy Resources (VER) on power system. The method accurately accounts for assets by qualifying assets based on various parameters and by forecasting the capabilities of the resulting VPPs for provision of balancing services. Asset performance factors that may affect the aggregated VPP's capabilities are monitored and recalculated when necessary. Near-term forecasted VPP capability is compared to near-term forecasted imbalances in the electric-power-supply system, and the VPP is dispatched to minimize the system imbalances. The dispatch signal is disaggregated to control commands to individual assets.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided, which facilitate operations planning, dispatch, regulation control, and autonomous control performance. The disclosure also facilitates systems and methods for utilization of synthetic primary frequency response, synthetic inertia, regulation and load following/ramping reserve capabilities from Demand Response and Distributed Energy Resources for balancing demand and supply and maintaining frequency levels across a power grid.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided, which facilitate operations planning, dispatch, regulation control, and autonomous control performance. The disclosure also facilitates systems and methods for utilization of synthetic primary frequency response, synthetic inertia, regulation and load following/ramping reserve capabilities from Demand Response and Distributed Energy Resources for balancing demand and supply and maintaining frequency levels across a power grid.

Abstract: A process/method is provided for the management of electric distribution system operations, including accurate and efficient communications and interfaces between the transmission, distribution and residential distribution systems, managed by a distribution system operator responsible for energy balance and reliability through control on a local distribution area, namely between end use customers and the transmission node of the electrical system.

Abstract: A process/method is provided, which facilitates resource optimization considering all dispatchable resources as well as user rate charges, which are rate charges comprised of a base rate plus an incremental excess fee associated with designated usage parameters. The proposed system and method may utilize inputs to construct a periodic load profile over varied periods of time. The disclosure relates to forming a periodic load profile over varied periods of time based upon considerations of short-term and long-term cost for uses within microgrids to create microgrid resource schedules that optimize usage of loads and generation resources within a microgrid for minimizing both short-term energy charges and long-term demand charges while increasing microgrid resource efficiencies.

Abstract: A system and process/method is provided, which economically optimizes the dispatch of various electrical energy resources. The disclosed process/method is linked to and communicates with various sources of input data, including but not limited to, EMS/SCADA legacy Energy Management Systems (EMS), legacy Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) Systems, Demand Response (DR) and Distributed Energy Resources (DER) monitor, control, schedule, and lifecycle management systems (DR/DER Management System), and Energy Markets, electrical energy commodity trading systems (Trading Systems), and Operations System (OPS) in order to compute optimal day-ahead, day-of, and real-time schedules of various durational length for generation, demand response and storage resources while taking into account bilateral contracts and market-based trade opportunities.

Abstract: Techniques are described for incorporating distribution network analysis in the demand response scheduling process. In one example, a method includes receiving demand response (DR) request from a DR initiator, transmitting the DR request to an aggregator, for each customer, receiving customer location information and a customer DR value from the aggregator, aggregating DR at a distribution transformer in a distribution system, determining if there are any violations in the distribution system, determining an aggregated DR value for each electric node affected by the DR request, and transmitting each determined DR value to the DR initiator.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided, which provide for a system for cataloging the discrete elements of retail power and use of the same for qualification and approval in order to utilize the data of registered and approved assets for scheduling distribution dispatch and implementing distribution dispatch. The inventive process facilitates the participation of any size distributed energy resource (DER) in power system operations, either alone or aggregated with any number of like resources or DER services now available to retail consumers, service providers, aggregators and the like.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided, which facilitate operations planning, dispatch, regulation control, and autonomous control performance. The disclosure also facilitates systems and methods for utilization of synthetic primary frequency response, synthetic inertia, regulation and load following/ramping reserve capabilities from Demand Response and Distributed Energy Resources for balancing demand and supply and maintaining frequency levels across a power grid.

Abstract: A process/method is provided for the management of electric distribution system operations, including accurate and efficient communications and interfaces between the transmission, distribution and residential distribution systems, managed by a distribution system operator responsible for energy balance and reliability through control on a local distribution area, namely between end use customers and the transmission node of the electrical system.

Abstract: A process/method is provided, which facilitates achieving and obtaining realistic, accurate voltage observability of end customer service delivery points within the secondary distribution level using the alarming capability of intelligent data gathering and communication technology devices such as, but not necessarily limited to SCADA systems, distribution system RTU or SCADA, smart meters, smart gateways, and Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) meters, or any device known in the art capable of sending alarm signals when voltage is detected above or below a predetermined threshold (generally herein defined as “Advanced Meters”). Such system and methods can be applied for many uses comprised of monitoring the energy grid, energy demand management and other energy industry applications, while minimizing operating and infrastructure/hardware costs.

Abstract: A system and process/method of modeling demand-response (DR) and distributed-energy resource (DER) assets is provided, facilitating the aggregation of said assets in virtual power plants (VPPs), and using VPPs to provide energy balancing services needed to minimize the impact of Variable Energy Resources (VER) on power system. The method accurately accounts for assets by qualifying assets based on various parameters and by forecasting the capabilities of the resulting VPPs for provision of balancing services. Asset performance factors that may affect the aggregated VPP's capabilities are monitored and recalculated when necessary. Near-term forecasted VPP capability is compared to near-term forecasted imbalances in the electric-power-supply system, and the VPP is dispatched to minimize the system imbalances. The dispatch signal is disaggregated to control commands to individual assets.

Abstract: A system and process/method is provided, which economically optimizes the dispatch of various electrical energy resources. The disclosed process/method is linked to and communicates with various sources of input data, including but not limited to, EMS/SCADA legacy Energy Management Systems (EMS), legacy Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) Systems, Demand Response (DR) and Distributed Energy Resources (DER) monitor, control, schedule, and lifecycle management systems (DR/DER Management System), and Energy Markets, electrical energy commodity trading systems (Trading Systems), and Operations System (OPS) in order to compute optimal day-ahead, day-of, and real-time schedules of various durational length for generation, demand response and storage resources while taking into account bilateral contracts and market-based trade opportunities.

Abstract: Techniques are described for incorporating distribution network analysis in the demand response scheduling process. In one example, a method includes receiving demand response (DR) request from a DR initiator, transmitting the DR request to an aggregator, for each customer, receiving customer location information and a customer DR value from the aggregator, aggregating DR at a distribution transformer in a distribution system, determining if there are any violations in the distribution system, determining an aggregated DR value for each electric node affected by the DR request, and transmitting each determined DR value to the DR initiator.

Abstract: Dynamic security analysis of a power system is divided into several diverse sub-problems, including sub-problems that may be analyzed using artificial intelligence ("AI") technology. A rule-based topological analysis procedure distinguishes between outage contingencies that are definitely safe or harmless to the integrity of the power system, and potentially severe outage contingencies that are harmful to the power system. Initial outage selection correctly relates the state of the power system before the analysis. By methodically and automatically identifying potentially severe outages, the need for extensive off-line studies based on time domain simulations is avoided, thus promoting computational efficiency. This methodology further provides automatic detection of critical interfaces, e.g., flows through which may significantly impact the post-contingency state of the power system.

Abstract: Analysis and evaluation of outage effects on the dynamic security of power systems is made with a neural network using composite contingency severity indices. A preferably small number of indices describes the power system characteristics immediately post-contingency. These indices are then used as classifiers of the safety of the power system. Using the values of the severity indices, an artificial neural network distinguishes between safe, stable contingencies and potentially unstable contingencies. The severity of the contingency is evaluated based upon a relatively small fixed set of severity indices that are calculated based on a partial time domain simulation. Because a fixed set of severity indices is used, the size and architecture of the neural network is problem independent, thus permitting its use with large scale power systems.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for predicting a signal value for a target element within a multi-element system is disclosed. The method includes modeling the multi-element system by defining fundamental physical relationships between the target element and other elements within the system. The resultant system model is in the form of a set of coupled non-linear differential equations. These differential equations are then approximated into linearized models about an operating point or series of operating points corresponding to the system behavior. The linearized differential equations are then subjected to a coupling analysis. The coupling analysis is employed to determine dynamic coupling between instruments. The coupling analysis assesses the degree of observability of the system and associated elements. The coupling analysis may be based upon observability tests, gramian analyses, or modal analyses. Based upon the coupling analysis, coupled elements are selected.