Abstract: Disclosed herein are vapour-phase crosslin ked composite membranes in the form of crosslinked polymers and defined inorganic materials. The membranes disclosed herein may have a narrow pore size distribution and precise molecule separation ability and may be used for organic solvent nanofiltration and organic solvent reverse osmosis. Also disclosed herein are methods of forming the membranes, and filtration. In a preferred embodiment, the vapour-phase crosslinked composite membrane is obtained by exposing a composite membrane comprising polyimide and UiO-66-NH2 particles to an amine vapour.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a polyarylene ether sulfone polymer (P) by converting a reaction mixture (RG) which comprises, among others, at least one aromatic dihalogen sulfone and at least one dihydroxy component comprising at least 20 mol-% of trimethylhydroquinone based on the total amount of the at least one dihydroxy component. The present invention furthermore relates to the Ouse of a polyarylene ether sulfone polymer (P) obtainable by the inventive process in a membrane (M) and to a membrane (M) comprising the polyarylene ether sulfone polymer (P) obtainable by the inventive process, as well as to a method for the preparation of a membrane (M).

Abstract: There is provided a method of producing a sheet having a density of 0.6-1.3 g/cm3 measured according to ISO 534:2011, the sheet comprising chemically modified cellulose fibres, wherein the method comprises: a. providing chemically modified cellulose fibres, wherein charge density measured according to SCAN-CM 65:02 of the chemically modified cellulose fibres is 1200-2400 ?eq/g; b. forming a fibre web by dewatering a slurry comprising the chemically modified cellulose fibres on a forming wire; and c. drying the fibre web to obtain the sheet, with the proviso that no carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is added to the chemically modified cellulose fibres during or prior to step b.

Abstract: There is provided a method for the production of a packaging material comprising a substrate and a gas barrier layer based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), said method comprising the steps of—applying a coating composition of said PVOH dissolved in a first solvent onto said substrate to form a coating—subjecting the coating to a first drying step to form a dried PVOH-based coating on said substrate, contacting the dried PVOH-based coating with a crosslinking solution comprising a crosslinking agent in a second solvent, to effect crosslinking of the PVOH-based coating, and—subsequent to the contact with the crosslinking solution, subjecting the PVOH-based coating to a second drying step, forming the PVOH-based barrier layer on said substrate, with the proviso that if the crosslinking solution comprises PVOH, the amount of PVOH added by the crosslinking solution is less than 20% (by weight), such as less than 10% (by weight), of the amount of PVOH added by the coating composition.

Abstract: There is provided a packaging material comprising a fibre based substrate and a gas barrier layer based on a polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), wherein said gas barrier layer comprises an interpolymer complex forming agent (IPCFA), which IPCFA is a water-soluble polymer exhibiting functional groups capable of forming hydrogen bonds with —OH groups of the PVOH. Said PVOH has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) measured according to ASTM D4001-13 in the range of about 80 kg/mol to 135 kg/mol, the proportion of said IPCFA to PVOH in said gas barrier layer is in the range of 0.5 to 7.0% (w/w) and said packaging material has an oxygen permeability (OP) below 14 ml ?m/m2 day atm, which OP is obtained by multiplying the oxygen transmission rate (OTR) of the packaging material measured according to ASTM F1927-7 at a relative humidity (RH) of 80% and 23° C. by the thickness of the gas barrier layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing a nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), the nanofibrillated cellulose product obtained and the use of the nanofibrillated cellulose product. The method comprises the steps of: Providing cellulosic fibres dispersed in water; Solvent-exchanging water in the fibres to an organic solvent, such as alcohol, suitably ethanol or isopropanol; Impregnating the fibres with a solution comprising a halogenated aliphatic acid having more than 2 carbon atoms; Heat-treating the impregnated fibres at a temperature of more than 50° C. in an alkaline solution comprising an organic solvent, which solution is optionally aqueous, to carboxyalkylatethe fibres; Washing the fibres; Converting the carboxyl groups their alkali metal counter-ion form; Optionally filtering the fibres; Dispersing the fibres in water; Mechanically disintegrating the fibres to provide the NFC product.

Abstract: In accordance with systems and methods of the present disclosure, an input network for a delta-sigma modulator having at least one integrator stage and a feedback digital-to-analog stage, may be configured to, during a first period of a first phase of a clock signal, drive an analog feedback signal proportional to a digital feedback signal of the feedback digital-to-analog stage onto an input plate of a sampling capacitor integral to the input network. The input network may further be configured to, during a second period of the first phase of the clock signal, sample an analog input signal onto the input plates of the sampling capacitor.

Abstract: Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes offer error correction at rates approaching the link channel capacity and reliable and efficient information transfer over bandwidth or return-channel constrained links with data-corrupting noise present. They also offer performance approaching channel capacity exponentially fast in terms of the code length, linear processing complexity, and parallelism that scales with code length. They also offer challenges relating to decoding complexity and error floors limiting achievable bit-error rates.

Abstract: Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes offer error correction at rates approaching the link channel capacity and reliable and efficient information transfer over bandwidth or return-channel constrained links with data-corrupting noise present. They also offer performance approaching channel capacity exponentially fast in terms of the code length, linear processing complexity, and parallelism that scales with code length. They also offer challenges relating to decoding complexity and error floors limiting achievable bit-error rates.