Abstract: An electrode suitable for use as a cathode for the development of hydrogen in industrial electrolytic processes, equipped with a catalytic coating having an external layer containing ruthenium and selenium; and a method for the production of the same.

Abstract: A method for surface treatment of a metal substrate, suitable for use as electrode support in electrochemical processes by: (a) immersion of the metal substrate and of at least one counter electrode in an electrolyte selected from hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, boric acid or sulfuric acid at a weight concentration of between 10-40%; (b) application of an anodic current density to the metal substrate of between 0.1 and 30 A/dm2 for a time of between 0.5 and 120 minutes. An electrode for gas evolution in electrochemical processes obtained from a correspondingly treated substrate.

Abstract: An electrode for electrolytic processes, in particular to an anode suitable for oxygen evolution having a valve metal substrate, a catalytic layer, a protection layer consisting of oxides of valve metals interposed between the substrate and the catalytic layer and an outer coating of oxides of valve metals. The electrode is particularly suitable for processes of cathodic electrodeposition of chromium from an aqueous solution containing Cr (III).

Abstract: An electrode, having a catalytic coating containing ruthenium and at least one other element selected from the group of alkaline earth metals, suitable to be used in industrial electrochemical processes for hydrogen evolution and to a method for the production of the same. The catalytic coating has 93-99 wt-% of ruthenium and 1-7 wt-% of alkaline earth metals, referred to the metals.

Abstract: An electrode for electrolytic processes, in particular to an anode suitable for oxygen evolution having a valve metal substrate, a catalytic layer, a protection layer consisting of oxides of valve metals interposed between the substrate and the catalytic layer and an outer coating of oxides of valve metals. The electrode is particularly suitable for processes of cathodic electrodeposition of chromium from an aqueous solution containing Cr (III).

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrode for electrolytic processes, in particular to an anode suitable for oxygen evolution comprising a valve metal substrate, a catalytic layer, a protection layer consisting of oxides of valve metals interposed between the substrate and the catalytic layer and an outer coating of oxides of valve metals. The electrode of the invention is particularly suitable for processes of cathodic electrodeposition of chromium from an aqueous solution containing Cr (III).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for obtaining a electrode usable as a anode in electrolytic cells for the production of chlorine. The electrode thus obtained comprises a catalytic layer containing oxides of tin, ruthenium, iridium and titanium applied to a substrate of a valve metal.

Abstract: An electrode for electrochemical processes comprises a substrate of titanium or other valve metal, an intermediate protection layer based on valve metal oxides and a catalytic layer based on oxides of tin and of iridium doped with small amounts of oxides of elements selected between bismuth, antimony, tantalum and niobium. The electrode used in electrometallurgical processes, for example in the electrowinning of metals, as anode for anodic oxygen evolution presents a reduced overvoltage and a higher duration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coating for providing protection against interstitial corrosion for titanium surfaces such as flanges or other equipment used in highly aggressive electrolytic environments, for example hydrochloric acid electrolysis cells. The coating according to the invention comprises a passivating layer, on which a film of water-repellent material is applied. The invention further relates to a method for providing anticorrosive protection for flanges of electrochemical cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coating for providing protection against interstitial corrosion for titanium surfaces such as flanges or other equipment used in highly aggressive electrolytic environments, for example hydrochloric acid electrolysis cells. The coating according to the invention comprises a passivating layer, on which a film of water-repellent material is applied. The invention further relates to a method for providing anticorrosive protection for flanges of electrochemical cells.

Abstract: An electrode on valve metal substrate suitable for the evolution of oxygen in electrolytic processes is provided with a coating having a catalytic layer containing platinum group metals and one or more protective layers based on tin oxide modified with a doping element selected from bismuth, antimony or tantalum and with a small amount of ruthenium. The electrode is useful in processes of non-ferrous metal electrowinning.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cell for metal electrowinning equipped with a device useful for preventing the adverse effects of dendrite growth on the cathodic deposit. The cell comprises a porous conductive screen, positioned between the anode and the cathode, capable of stopping the growth of dendrites and avoiding that they reach the anode surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrode suitable for electrolytic treatments of dilute solutions of sodium chloride even at low temperatures. The electrode can be used in the generation of active chlorine-based biocidal agents in ballast water for marine applications. The electrode has a titanium substrate, an inner catalytic coating containing oxides of tantalum, ruthenium and iridium, and an outer catalytic coating containing oxides of titanium, ruthenium and of at least one of nickel, iron and cobalt.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cell for metal electrowinning equipped with a device useful for preventing the adverse effects of dendrite growth on the cathodic deposit. The cell comprises a porous conductive screen, positioned between the anode and the cathode, capable of stopping the growth of dendrites and preventing them from reaching the anode surface.

Abstract: An electrode for electrochemical generation of hypochlorite is provided. The electrode has a valve metal substrate coated with a catalytic system consisting of two superimposed layers of distinct composition and having a different activity towards hypochlorite anodic generation from chloride solutions. The electrode has a high duration in cathodic operation conditions, imparting self-cleaning characteristics thereto when used in combination with an equivalent one with periodic polarity reversal. Moreover, the deactivation of the electrode at the end of its life cycle occurs in two subsequent steps, allowing to schedule the substitution thereof with a significant notice period.

Abstract: An electrode on valve metal substrate suitable for the evolution of oxygen in electrolytic processes is provided with a coating having a catalytic layer containing platinum group metals and one or more protective layers based on tin oxide modified with a doping element selected from bismuth, antimony or tantalum and with a small amount of ruthenium. The electrode is useful in processes of non-ferrous metal electrowinning.

Abstract: An electrode suitable as chlorine-evolving anode in electrolytic cells and a method for obtaining thereof is provided. The electrode has a metal substrate coated with a catalytic composition made of thin layers based on oxides of tin, iridium and ruthenium and combines excellent characteristics of anodic potential and selectivity with respect to the reaction of chlorine evolution without resorting to the use of dopants such as platinum and palladium.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrode suitable for electrolytic treatments of dilute solutions of sodium chloride even at low temperatures. The electrode can be used in the generation of active chlorine-based biocidal agents in ballast water for marine applications. The electrode has a titanium substrate, an inner catalytic coating containing oxides of tantalum, ruthenium and iridium, and an outer catalytic coating containing oxides of titanium, ruthenium and of at least one of nickel, iron and cobalt.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalytic coating of surfaces of valve metals, for example titanium, suitable for operation in highly aggressive electrolytic environments such as electrolysis cells of hydrochloric acid. The coating may be used as catalytic activation of electrodes, for example for anodic evolution of chlorine, or for protection from crevice corrosion of flanges and other elements of electrolysers subject to stagnation of liquid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cell for metal electrowinning equipped with a device useful for preventing the adverse effects of dendrite growth on the cathodic deposit. The cell comprises a porous conductive screen, positioned between the anode and the cathode, capable of stopping the growth of dendrites and preventing them from reaching the anode surface.