Abstract: A method that includes obtaining, using a processor, reflectance data from a target coating and calculating, using the processor, electrostatics data from the reflectance data. The method also includes generating, using the processor, a coating formulation that is the same or substantially similar in appearance to the target coating.

Abstract: A method that includes obtaining, using a processor, reflectance data from a target coating and calculating, using the processor, pivot-normalized reflectance data. The method also includes generating, using the processor, a coating formulation that is the same or substantially similar in appearance to the target coating.

Abstract: A method that includes obtaining, using a processor, reflectance data from a target coating and calculating, using the processor, virtual color response data using one of at least one Kepler's laws of planetary motion equation and at least one derivation of at least one Kepler's laws of planetary motion equation. The method also includes generating, using the processor, a coating formulation that is the same or substantially similar in appearance to the target coating.

Abstract: A computer implemented method. The method includes obtaining, using a processor, spectral reflectance data from a spectrophotometric measurement of a target coating on a surface, wherein the measurement was taken at a specular angle, and removing, using the processor, at least a portion of the specular reflectance data that is attributable to a glossy coating of the surface. The method also includes constructing, using the processor, at least one spectral reflectance curve, and identifying, using the processor, at least one type of pigmentation effect of the target coating based at least in part on the at least one spectral reflectance curve.

Abstract: A computer implemented method. The method includes generating, using a processor, a multi-dimensional object from a plurality of data obtained from a spectrophotometric measurement of a target coating. The method also includes calculating, using the processor, at least one geometric property of the multi-dimensional object. The method further includes correlating, using the processor, the at least one value with a plurality of known values to identify at least one pigment effect in the target coating, and outputting, using the processor, the at least one pigment effect.

Abstract: A computer implemented method. The method includes generating, using a processor, a set of calibration data relating to a plurality of pigments that are present in a collection of coatings. Generating includes calculating an absorption/reflectance relationship of a plurality of samples coated with a plurality of the pigments, wherein calculating includes using a color matching calculation, and calculating a plurality of concentrations of a non-standard pigment. Generating also includes plotting a relationship between the concentrations and the absorption/reflectance relationships, and determining a correlation of the concentrations for a plurality of Fresnel coefficients relating to the samples. The method further includes determining, using the processor, a coating formulation of a target coating based on the correlation.

Abstract: A computer implemented method. The method includes obtaining, using a processor, spectral reflectance data from a coated surface having a target coating theron; and determining, using the processor, whether the data includes any outlier data points. The method also includes removing, using the processor, at least one of the outlier data points to produce final spectral reflectance data; and calculating, using the processor, a characteristic of the target coating based at least in part on the final spectral reflectance data.

Abstract: A computer implemented method. The method includes obtaining, using a processor, spectral reflectance data from a spectrophotometric measurement of a target coating on a surface, wherein the measurement was taken at a specular angle, and removing, using the processor, at least a portion of the specular reflectance data that is attributable to a glossy coating of the surface. The method also includes constructing, using the processor, at least one spectral reflectance curve, and identifying, using the processor, at least one type of pigmentation effect of the target coating based at least in part on the at least one spectral reflectance curve.