Abstract: An example optical encoder includes a rotary shaft having a rotational axis. The rotary shaft is actuatable along the rotational axis. The optical encoder also includes at least one light generating element operable to generate light, and at least one light detecting element operable to detect light and convert the detected light into a signal. The rotary shaft includes a portion operable to reflect light generated from the at least one light generating element onto the at least one light detecting element wherein the signal is generated. The portion is configured such that an actuation of the rotary shaft from a first position to a second position generates a corresponding change in the signal generated in the at least one light detecting element.