Abstract: A vacuum distillation unit and process for separating components of reduced crude oil by operating the vacuum distillation unit. The process includes feeding reduced crude oil in a vacuum column by a feed line, supplying a stripping stream at a lower portion of the vacuum column by an ejector, receiving an overhead vapour stream by the ejector from an upper portion of the vacuum column, creating the stripping stream in the ejector by mixing the overhead vapour stream into a steam, and supplying part of the stripping stream at the lower portion by the ejector to re-circulate the overhead vapour stream from the upper portion to the lower portion of the vacuum column.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microbial composition for the neutralization of alkaline waste waters by biological means and a method of neutralization of alkaline waste waters using a synergistic mixture of the bacterial strains of Bacillus alkalophilus and Bacillus sp.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microbial composition for the neutralization of alkaline waste waters by biological means and a method of neutralization of alkaline waste waters using a synergistic mixture of the bacterial strains of Bacillus alkalophilus and Bacillus sp.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microbial composition for the neutralization of alkaline waste waters by biological means and a method of neutralization of alkaline waste waters using a synergistic mixture of the bacterial strains of Bacillus alkalophilus and Bacillus sp.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microbial composition for the neutralization of alkaline waste waters by biological means and a method of neutralization of alkaline waste waters using a synergistic mixture of the bacterial strains of Bacillus alkalophilus and Bacillus sp.

Abstract: Immobilized cell beads incorporating formulated microbial consortium comprising a synergistic mixture of the following bacterial strains namely, Enterobacter sakazaki, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aeromonas sobria selected from the following isolated bacterial strains namely, Yersinia enterocolitica, Aeromonas sobria, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia liquefaciens, Enterobacter sakazaki, Citrobacter amalonaticus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloaca, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus are prepared, the formulated microbial consortium is immobilized in an appropriate immobilizing agent resulting in the formation of beads and the beads are used for instant BOD estimation using an electronic device and the formulated cell beads are reusable and are capable of assimilating most of the organic matter present in varied industrial effluents.

Abstract: An immobilized microbial consortium is formulated which comprises of a synergistic mixture of isolated bacteria namely, Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Yersinia enterocolitica, Serratia liquefaciens, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Enterobacter cloaca, Klebsiella oxytoca, Citrobacter amalonaticus and Enterobacter sakazaki. The formulated microbial consortium is immobilized on charged nylon membrane. The said immobilized microbial consortium is attached to dissolved oxygen probe for the preparation of electrode assembly. The prepared electrode assembly is used for rapid and reliable BOD estimation. The prepared electrode assembly is used for monitoring of BOD load of synthetic samples such as Glucose-Glutamic acid (GGA) used as a reference standard in BOD analysis and industrial effluents; covering a range from low to high biodegradable organic matter.

Abstract: Immobilized cell beads incorporating formulated microbial consortium comprising a synergistic mixture of the following bacterial strains namely, Enterobacter sakazaki, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aeromonas sobria selected from the following isolated bacterial strains namely, Yersinia enterocolitica, Aeromonas sobria, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia liquefaciens, Enterobacter sakazaki, Citrobacter amalonaticus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloaca, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus are prepared, the formulated microbial consortium is immobilized in an appropriate immobilizing agent resulting in the formation of beads and the beads are used for instant BOD estimation using an electronic device and the formulated cell beads are reusable and are capable of assimilating most of the organic matter present in varied industrial effluents.

Abstract: An immobilized microbial consortium is formulated which comprises of a synergistic mixture of isolated bacteria namely, Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Yersinia enterocolitica, Serratia liquefaciens, Pseudomonas fluoresces, Enterobacter cloaca, Klebsiella oxytoca, Citrobacter amalonaticus and Enterobacter sakazaki. The formulated microbial consortium is immobilized on charged nylon membrane. The said immobilized microbial consortium is attached to dissolved oxygen probe for the preparation of electrode assembly. The prepared electrode assembly is used for rapid and reliable BOD estimation. The prepared electrode assembly is used for monitoring of BOD load of synthetic samples such as Glucose-Glutamic acid (GGA) used as a reference standard in BOD analysis and industrial effluents; covering a range from low to high biodegradable organic matter.

Abstract: An immobilized microbial consortium is formulated which comprises of a synergistic mixture of all the bacterial strains of Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus circulans, Yersinia enterocolitica, Enterobacter cloaca and Bacillus brevis. The formulated microbial consortium is immobilized on a non-biodegradable and economically cheaper support. The said immobilized microbial consortium is used for the biodegradation of synthetic phenol as well as phenol present in petroleum refinery effluent. The results of biodegradation obtained with the microbial consortium immobilized on coconut fiber are compared with those obtained with microbial consortium immobilized on well known support. The coconut fiber used for immobilization proved to be a better support than a well known support such as calcium alginate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microbial composition for the neutralization of alkaline waste waters by biological means and a method of neutralization of alkaline waste waters using a synergistic mixture of the bacterial strains of Bacillus alkalophilus and Bacillus sp.

Abstract: A reusable immobilized microbial composition is formulated. The formulated microbial composition comprises a synergistic mixture of the bacterial strains of Enterobacter cloaca, Citrobacter amalonaticus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Yersinia enterocolitica, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter sakazaki and Serratia liquefaciens. The formulated microbial composition is immobilized on an appropriate immobilizing agent to form beads. The said beads are tested as microbial seeding material for BOD analysis using Glucose Glutamic Acid (GGA) as a reference standard. The obtained BOD values by the formulated beads are compared with BOD values obtained by sewage as seeding material using synthetic samples as well as industrial effluents. The formulated microbial beads are ready-to-use as well as reusable seeding material in BOD analysis. The said beads can be reused up to five times with same efficacy.