Abstract: A portable instrument or apparatus includes a portable device and a rangefinder module. The rangefinder module can be attached to the portable device, which may be any suitable smartphone, tablet or other consumer electronics device having a camera. By suitable alignment of the rangefinder and camera, the device is capable of capturing accurate data over significant ranges, including for example an image of a target together with position information concerning the target. A folded optical arrangement reduces the volume and thickness of the rangefinder module.

Abstract: A portable, tabletop fluid sampling device simplifies spectral analysis to produce an accurate but inexpensive chromatic fingerprint for fluid samples. In one embodiment, the sampling device uses an array of variable wavelength LED emitters and photodiode detectors to measure Rayleigh scattering of electromagnetic energy from the fluid sample contained in a cuvette. Either the fluid itself, or particles suspended in the fluid can then be identified by performing spectral pattern matching to compare results of a spectral scan against a library of known spectra. A wide range of applications include substance identification, security screening, authentication, quality control, and medical diagnostics.

Abstract: Systems for analyzing fluids (e.g., gases) include a chamber structure with a reflective inner surface, emitters, a primary detector positioned to principally detect electromagnetic energy reflected numerous times through the gas(es) and a calibration detector positioned to detect electromagnetic energy not reflected numerous times through the gas(es). Calibration may be automatically performed. The primary detector relies principally on Raleigh scattering. An optional primary detector may be positioned to principally detect Raman scattered electromagnetic energy.

Abstract: Sampling device geometry reduces specular reflectance, using lenses to focus electromagnetic energy to predominately return scattered rather than reflected electromagnetic energy to detector(s), reducing effect of non-matte surfaces and/or window. Sampling device includes inherent automatic optical calibration, and optionally thermal calibration. Calibration detectors are optically isolated with respective emitters.

Abstract: A portable, tabletop fluid sampling device simplifies spectral analysis to produce an accurate but inexpensive chromatic fingerprint for fluid samples. In one embodiment, the sampling device uses an array of variable wavelength LED emitters and photodiode detectors to measure Rayleigh scattering of electromagnetic energy from the fluid sample contained in a cuvette. Either the fluid itself, or particles suspended in the fluid can then be identified by performing spectral pattern matching to compare results of a spectral scan against a library of known spectra. A wide range of applications include substance identification, security screening, authentication, quality control, and medical diagnostics.

Abstract: A portable, tabletop fluid sampling device simplifies spectral analysis to produce an accurate but inexpensive chromatic fingerprint for fluid samples. In one embodiment, the sampling device uses an array of variable wavelength LED emitters and photodiode detectors to measure Rayleigh scattering of electromagnetic energy from the fluid sample contained in a cuvette. Either the fluid itself, or particles suspended in the fluid can then be identified by performing spectral pattern matching to compare results of a spectral scan against a library of known spectra. A wide range of applications include substance identification, security screening, authentication, quality control, and medical diagnostics.

Abstract: A portable instrument or apparatus includes a portable device and a rangefinder module. The rangefinder module can be attached to the portable device, which may be any suitable smartphone, tablet or other consumer electronics device having a camera. By suitable alignment of the rangefinder and camera, the device is capable of capturing accurate data over significant ranges, including for example an image of a target together with position information concerning the target. A folded optical arrangement reduces the volume and thickness of the rangefinder module.

Abstract: Systems for analyzing fluids (e.g., gases) include a chamber structure with a reflective inner surface, emitters, a primary detector positioned to principally detect electromagnetic energy reflected numerous times through the gas(es) and a calibration detector positioned to detect electromagnetic energy not reflected numerous times through the gas(es). Calibration may be automatically performed. The primary detector relies principally on Raleigh scattering. An optional primary detector may be positioned to principally detect Raman scattered electromagnetic energy.

Abstract: A portable, tabletop fluid sampling device simplifies spectral analysis to produce an accurate but inexpensive chromatic fingerprint for fluid samples. In one embodiment, the sampling device uses an array of variable wavelength LED emitters and photodiode detectors to measure Rayleigh scattering of electromagnetic energy from the fluid sample contained in a cuvette. Either the fluid itself, or particles suspended in the fluid can then be identified by performing spectral pattern matching to compare results of a spectral scan against a library of known spectra. A wide range of applications include substance identification, security screening, authentication, quality control, and medical diagnostics.

Abstract: Sampling device geometry reduces specular reflectance, using lenses to focus electromagnetic energy to predominately return scattered rather than reflected electromagnetic energy to detector(s), reducing effect of non-matte surfaces and/or window. Sampling device includes inherent automatic optical calibration, and optionally thermal calibration. Calibration detectors are optically isolated with respective emitters.

Abstract: An optical system includes a front end (1), a rear end image relay (2), an image transfer means (5) adapted to image the aperture stop of the rear end image relay (2) to a position where it forms the entrance pupil of the optical imaging system, and aberration correcting means (6, 7), including a lens (7) having an aspheric surface (7A) at or adjacent the aperture stop of the rear end image relay (2) and a meniscus lens (6A) to correct for both primary and higher order spherical aberration, the aspheric surface (7A) being sufficiently aspherical that chromatic error introduced by lens (7) cancels at least a major part of chromatic error introduced by the meniscus lens (6). The aberration correcting means may further include a multiple component lens (6C) to also cancel chromatic error. The front and rear ends may include one or more mirrors in different configurations.

Abstract: An optical imaging system (100) has a Cassegrain-like front end (1) with a substantially spherical concave primary mirror (3) and a substantially spherical convex secondary mirror (4), a Cassegrain-like rear end (2) with a substantially spherical concave primary mirror (7) and a substantially spherical convex secondary mirror 8, and a field lens system (5) to image the aperture stop of the rear end to a position where it forms the entrance pupil of the optical imaging system (100). An aberration corrector (6) may be provided to correct selected aberrations.

Abstract: A lens system particularly suitable for low light, high speed applications has a primary mirror (31, 51) having a spherical reflecting surface and a secondary mirror (37, 52) having a spherical reflecting surface arranged to receive light reflected from the primary mirror. Both mirrors have the same center of curvature. The lens system includes image relay lens (47, 56) and a transfer lens (35, 55) arranged to image the center of curvature to a location at the center of the aperture stop (43, 57) of the image relay lens. This relay lens may include a spherical mirror located so that its center of curvature is coincident with the center of the aperture stop, thus creating a singular optical center of curvature for the whole lens system. The relay lens may include a meniscus corrector lens (33, 41, 42) which is located close to the aperture stop and which is also concentric with the common center of curvature.

Abstract: A lens system particularly suitable for low light, high speed applications has a primary mirror (31, 51) having a spherical reflecting surface and a secondary mirror (37, 52) having a spherical reflecting surface arranged to receive light reflected from the primary mirror. Both mirrors have the same center of curvature. The lens system includes image relay lens (47, 56) and a transfer lens (35, 55) arranged to image the center of curvature to a location at the center of the aperture stop (43, 57) of the image relay lens. This relay lens may include a spherical mirror located so that its center of curvature is coincident with the center of the aperture stop, thus creating a singular optical center of curvature for the whole lens system. The relay lens may include a meniscus corrector lens (33, 41, 42) which is located close to the aperture stop and which is also concentric with the common center of curvature.