Abstract: A flash-memory system provides solid-state mass storage as a replacement to a hard disk. A unified re-map table in a RAM is used to arbitrarily re-map all logical addresses from a host system to physical addresses of flash-memory devices. Each entry in the unified re-map table contains a physical block address (PBA) of the flash memory allocated to the logical address, and a cache valid bit and a cache index. When the cache valid bit is set, the data is read or written to a line in the cache pointed to by the cache index. A separate cache tag RAM is not needed. When the cache valid bit is cleared, the data is read from the flash memory block pointed to by the PBA. Two write count values are stored with the PBA in the table entry. A total-write count indicates a total number of writes to the flash block since manufacture. An incremental-write count indicates the number of writes since the last wear-leveling operation that moved the block.