Abstract: A thermal plasma generator may be used in conjunction with at least one thermal to electric converter, such as a solid state thermal to electric energy to electric converter. A micropipe heat pump extracts heat from the at least one thermal to electric energy device, which in turn may convert the heat into electrical power. The power generation system may be disposed within a vehicle, and provide electrical power for propelling the vehicle.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides a fuel cell having a first membrane selective to a fuel, a second membrane selective to an oxidant, and a mixed reactant flow provided to the screens. The invention further includes an anode, a cathode and a semi-permeable electrolyte fluidly separating the same.