Abstract: A floss stick includes a horizontal stick body, first and second extension arms, at least one horizontal floss, and at least one inclined floss. The first and second extension arms extend transversely from the stick body and are spaced apart from each other. The horizontal and inclined flosses are connected between the first and second extension arms and are adapted for removing dental plaque from teeth. The inclined floss is inclined relative to the horizontal floss, and cooperates with the horizontal floss to define a gap therebetween, in which the dental plaque removed is confined by capillary action.

Abstract: A method includes anodizing an aluminum material in an aqueous electrolytic solution containing water and an electrolyte. The electrolyte includes malonic acid and an initiator that contains ammonium ions and anions which are reactable with the ammonium ions to form an ammonium salt. The initiator is formed by dissolving an ammonium salt in the water. The ammonium salt is selected from the group consisting of ammonium acetate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chlorate, ammonium phosphate, and combinations thereof.