Abstract: A payment processing and transaction management system includes one or more devices at the point-of-sale for reading a contactless payment tag and verifying the validity of its use. Payment options can be written to memory within the tag or stored on a host accessible by point-of-sale devices when the payment tag is presented. The devices facilitate controlled use of tags to access prepaid funds, automated clearing house funds, credit card payments, or other sources of payment. Devices at the point-of-sale provide for validation by a customer entering a personal identification number or by a cashier by verifying a photograph of an authorized user associated with the tag. Customers and merchants can specify and modify limitations on how the tag can be used. Customers can request e-mail or text message alerts when the tag is used or used in a way that violates limitations on the use of the tag.

Abstract: A process for reducing the likelihood of runway incursions wherein the major components of an aircraft are individually tracked by radar instead of tracking only the overall image of the aircraft to more accurately predict possible runway incursions due to the rapid and accurate indication of any change in aircraft orientation during each sweep of the radar.