Abstract: A stable gelled material used as a fuel which consists of a composition of diethylene glycol mixed with a gelling agent of fumed silica. Polyethylene glycol may also be added to improve its burning characteristics.

Abstract: A method for emulsification of rock asphalt, the resulting low asphalt emulsion and low asphalt emulsion binder for aggregate is disclosed. Fine mesh rock asphalt is emulsified by using a hydrocarbon fluxing agent to sufficiently wet the rock asphalt to produce a fluid mixture, followed by addition of water, small amounts of surfactant and salts, heating the fluid mix while the mixture is being gently stirred. The rock asphalt emulsion can be formed from rock asphalts having low asphalt content, as low as 5, 6, or 7% by weight and greater. Depending on the rock asphalt ore source, the emulsion is comprised of varying amounts of hydrocarbon fluxing oils which are present in sufficient volume to form a fluid mix, from less than about 25% to greater than matching parts by volume of water, and lesser amounts of surfactants and salts. These emulsions have been found to be effective as binders for limestone aggregate coatings, seal, coats, pliable mats and other surprising applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to an emulsion and a method of making same based on adding water to a sulfur reaction product, the latter being prepared by reacting certain first and second hydrocarbons with elemental sulfur.

Abstract: Elemental sulfur is reacted in a certain manner with at least first and second hydrocarbons to form an asphalt-like material.

Abstract: Sulfur-based foams are produced by heating to liquid state a sulfur formulation containing a minor amount of a gas-producing component in a first (molten) zone; passing the mixture maintained in liquid form to a second (mixing) zone where it is mixed with a foaming agent which in combination with the gas-produced compound releases gas, and the gas-containing mixture is passed from the second zone for use as a cellular construction material. Apparatus for carrying out the process is provided.

Abstract: A process for the production of sulfur foam containing at least 50 weight percent sulfur, which comprises:A. heating sulfur in a first zone to a temperature above about 100.degree. C to obtain molten sulfur and reacting the molten sulfur with an organic protonic acid which is reactive with molten sulfur so as to incorporate the organic acid with sulfur to form a sulfur-organic acid adduct containing unreacted protonic acid groups;B. passing said sulfur adduct in liquid state out of said first zone and into a separate mixer; andC. mixing and reacting in said mixer a polyisocyanate with the unreacted acid groups of said sulfur adduct to thereby, upon removal of the polyisocyanate-acid group reaction product from the mixer, release gas and generate a foam.Preferably the sulfur adduct is formed by reacting sulfur with a plasticizer as well as the acid.

Abstract: Elemental sulfur is reacted in a certain manner with at least first and second hydrocarbons to form an asphalt-like material.