Abstract: A fluid level detector is provided, which has a transmitter, a receiver, and a sensing zone adjacent the transmitter and receiver. The transmitter and receiver are arranged such that when an electric field forms between the transmitter and receiver, a fringe electric field extends from the transmitter into the sensing zone. The transmitter and receiver are both on a same side of the sensing zone, and a fluid located at the sensing zone changes a measured capacitance at the transmitter and receiver system.

Abstract: A fluid level detector is provided, which has a transmitter, a receiver, and a sensing zone adjacent the transmitter and receiver. The transmitter and receiver are arranged such that when an electric field forms between the transmitter and receiver, a fringe electric field extends from the transmitter into the sensing zone. The transmitter and receiver are both on a same side of the sensing zone, and a fluid located at the sensing zone changes a measured capacitance at the transmitter and receiver system.

Abstract: A fluid level detector is provided, which has a transmitter, a receiver, and a sensing zone adjacent the transmitter and receiver. The transmitter and receiver are arranged such that when an electric field forms between the transmitter and receiver, a fringe electric field extends from the transmitter into the sensing zone. The transmitter and receiver are both on a same side of the sensing zone, and a fluid located at the sensing zone changes a measured capacitance at the transmitter and receiver system.

Abstract: Radiation therapy dose calculation methods, systems and computer program products, for use with a treatment delivery device for treating a patient and utilizing a scattered radiation detector in making independent dose calculations. The scattered radiation detector is configured to acquire measurement information during patient treatment, which is used to determine an estimate of the output of the treatment delivery device. Other information is acquired including patient imaging data, gantry angle information and collimator position information utilized during patient treatment. The acquired information is utilized along with the treatment delivery device output estimate to determine dose delivered to the patient.

Abstract: A radiotherapy system includes a radiotherapy device, such as a LINAC, operable to direct a radiation beam from a head thereof during operation, a field detector positioned to be within the radiation beam during operation of the radiotherapy device and operable to generate a beam measurement signal, a reference detector positioned to be outside of the radiation beam during operation of the radiotherapy device and operable to generate a reference signal, and at least one computer in signal communication with the field detector and the reference detector and configured with software to normalize the beam measurement signal based on the reference signal and to output a normalized beam measurement.

Abstract: Radiation therapy dose calculation methods, systems and computer program products, for use with a treatment delivery device for treating a patient and utilizing a scattered radiation detector in making independent dose calculations. The scattered radiation detector is configured to acquire measurement information during patient treatment, which is used to determine an estimate of the output of the treatment delivery device. Other information is acquired including patient imaging data, gantry angle information and collimator position information utilized during patient treatment. The acquired information is utilized along with the treatment delivery device output estimate to determine dose delivered to the patient.

Abstract: A radiotherapy system includes a radiotherapy device, such as a LINAC, operable to direct a radiation beam from a head thereof during operation, a field detector positioned to be within the radiation beam during operation of the radiotherapy device and operable to generate a beam measurement signal, a reference detector positioned to be outside of the radiation beam during operation of the radiotherapy device and operable to generate a reference signal, and at least one computer in signal communication with the field detector and the reference detector and configured with software to normalize the beam measurement signal based on the reference signal and to output a normalized beam measurement.

Abstract: Information pertinent to an item or product may be organized (e.g., structured) as a property of the item or product. The property may be represented (e.g., stored) as property data in a data structure of the item or product. A property may have one or more properties of its own. In this manner, information pertinent to items, products, properties, or any suitable combination thereof may be structured with any level of sophistication or complexity. Accordingly, a data structure may be generated to contain one or more properties of an item or product, as well as to contain one or more properties of those properties. A “composite property” refers to such a data structure and may be indexed based on a value contained therein. The value may be used to identify the item or the product, for example, as an instance of a virtual product.

Abstract: Techniques and systems for maintaining a plasma processing kit consisting of protection and shielding elements without causing damage are introduced. The elements may be made of aluminium, polysilicon and quartz and may be coated with silicon. The surfaces of the elemants show a specified roughness. Precision cleaning and recovery of the contamined kit components of a plasma doping (PLAD) system is used, to extend the life and reusability of the components. The methods described cover the stages of inspection, pre-cleaning, mechanical processing and texturing, post-cleaning, clean-room class cleaning and packaging of the components consisting of quartz, aluminium and/or silicon. Techniques described employ the combination of a variety of means (primarily chemical and mechanical) to achieve the desired levels of cleanliness. The result obtained by methods that include Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Laser Particle Count affirm the efficacy of these techniques.

Abstract: A noise making animal toy having a sealed vessel having a resilient wall that can be deformed when an animal applies pressure to the toy, e.g., by chewing or pouncing on the toy is disclosed. The deformation of the wall of the vessel by application of force produces a noise, which can best be described as a crunching and/or crackling sound, which entertains the animal. The toy includes an outer durable fabric shell enclosing the vessel. The vessel may be made from a plastic beverage bottle.

Abstract: A doghouse includes a plurality of side panels connecting a front panel and a rear panel. A roof includes two roof panels each including runners that slidably connect to upper ledges in the front and rear panels. The side panels can be connected to the front and rear panels using hooks on the side panels that are slidably engaged to receiving members in slots in the front and rear panels. Alternatively, the side panels can slidably connect to the front and rear panels using a tee or dovetail joint. The prefabricated doghouse can be disassembled and reassembled multiple times over the lifetime of the doghouse without experiencing significant wear and tear. The doghouse can be assembled and disassembled efficiently by following a series of easy-to-follow steps. A user can disassemble the doghouse, store the doghouse, and easily assemble the doghouse with a minimal amount of time and effort.

Abstract: A doghouse includes a plurality of side panels connecting a front panel and a rear panel. A roof includes two roof panels each including runners that slidably connect to upper ledges in the front and rear panels. The side panels can be connected to the front and rear panels using hooks on the side panels that are slidably engaged to receiving members in slots in the front and rear panels. Alternatively, the side panels can slidably connect to the front and rear panels using a tee or dovetail joint. The prefabricated doghouse can be disassembled and reassembled multiple times over the lifetime of the doghouse without experiencing significant wear and tear. The doghouse can be assembled and disassembled efficiently by following a series of easy-to-follow steps. A user can disassemble the doghouse, store the doghouse, and easily assemble the doghouse with a minimal amount of time and effort.

Abstract: An animal toy comprises a spherical housing including two annular tracks defining upper and lower polar regions and a ball retained in at least one of the circular tracks so that when an animal plays with the toy, the ball tends to move in the track. The housing includes a removable cap so that a material such as cat nip can be placed within the housing and holes in the housing so that the material can fall from the housing when the toy is played with by an animal.