Abstract: A method and liquid purifying device for controlling concentration of ions in a liquid includes generating a main stream of liquid in a main channel and applying a transverse electric field to the main stream by electrodes that are electrically in direct contact with the liquid flowing in the main channel. Further, a product stream of liquid is derived from a central region of the main stream, and waste streams of liquid are derived from regions of the main stream closer to the electrodes.

Abstract: A method for controlling the concentration of ions in a liquid comprises the steps of: generating a main stream (1) of liquid; applying a transverse electric field to the main stream by electrodes that are electrically in direct contact with the liquid; deriving a product stream (11) of liquid from the central region of the main stream, and waste streams (12, 13) of liquid from regions of the main stream closer to said electrodes.

Abstract: An electro-optic device having a first end and an opposite second end comprising an electro-optically active part; a first electrode having a first end and an opposite second end; a second electrode having a first end and an opposite second end; the electro-optically active part being positioned at least partially between the first and second electrodes; the electro-optic device further comprising control means for controlling the optical state of a predetermined region of the electro-optically active part, such that the position of the predetermined region within the electro-optic device is controllable.

Abstract: The electrophoretic display panel (1) for displaying a picture has a pixel (2) having an electrophoretic medium (5) having first and second charged particles (6,7), the first charged particles (6) having a first optical property, the second charged particles (7) having a second optical property different from the first optical property, and an optical state depending on positions of the particles (6,7). Furthermore, particle movement means (10,11,100) are arranged to enable a picture movement of the first and the second particles (6,7) to their respective position for displaying the picture, and particles movement decoupling means are arranged to provide unequal abilities of the first and the second particles (6,7) to move for substantially decoupling the picture movement of the first particles (6) from the picture movement of the second particles (7).

Abstract: The present invention relates to the removal of ion (42, 44, 902) contaminations from liquid crystal layers (901) in liquid crystal display devices (900). The ions (42, 44, 902) are removed by means of so called ion pumping, which utilizes the anisotropic viscosity of liquid crystals. The ions (42, 44, 902) are pumped up and down in the liquid crystal layer by means of an alternating electric filed. The alternating electric field simultaneously alters the alignment of directors (41) in the liquid crystal. The viscosity in the liquid crystal is related to the director directions, and the ions (42, 44, 902) are thereby moved in non-closed trajectories (43, 45). The inventive ion pumping can be further improved using an asymmetric or biased alternating electric field.

Abstract: A method of reducing visible flicker in a transflective display device, having a plurality of pixels, each pixel comprising a transmissive sub-pixel and a reflective sub-pixel, is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: driving the pixels with an alternating voltage; determining a first desired compensation voltage for the transmissive sub-pixels and a second desired compensation voltage for the reflective sub-pixels; deriving a common compensation voltage from said first desired compensation voltage and said second desired compensation voltage; and applying said common compensation voltage to both the transmissive and the reflective sub-pixels. Thus, the flicker resulting from a DC bias of the driving voltage is substantially reduced.

Abstract: A method for driving a liquid crystal display device according to which the liquid crystal pixel voltage has constant polarity when the display device is operated in standby mode, and alternating polarity when the display device is operated in active mode. As a result it is possible to adjust the gate voltage pulse train to have a lower amplitude when the display device is operated in standby mode. The drive method offers a way to combine the requirements of reduced image retention and lower power consumption.