Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for interfacing with biological tissue are described herein. An example electrode patch as described herein includes a flexible substrate and an electrode array arranged on the flexible substrate. The electrode array includes a plurality of electrodes, where each of the plurality of electrodes is formed of a hydrogel. Additionally, each of the plurality of electrodes defines a raised geometry. Additionally, an example system includes the electrode patch, which is configured to interface with a subject's skin, and an electronics module operably coupled to the electrode array.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for interfacing with biological tissue are described herein. An example electrode patch as described herein includes a flexible substrate and an electrode array arranged on the flexible substrate. The electrode array includes a plurality of electrodes, where each of the plurality of electrodes is formed of a hydrogel. Additionally, each of the plurality of electrodes defines a raised geometry. Additionally, an example system includes the electrode patch, which is configured to interface with a subject's skin, and an electronics module operably coupled to the electrode array.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for interfacing with biological tissue are described herein. An example electrode patch as described herein includes a flexible substrate and an electrode array arranged on the flexible substrate. The electrode array includes a plurality of electrodes, where each of the plurality of electrodes is formed of a hydrogel. Additionally, each of the plurality of electrodes defines a raised geometry. Additionally, an example system includes the electrode patch, which is configured to interface with a subject's skin, and an electronics module operably coupled to the electrode array.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for interfacing with biological tissue are described herein. An example electrode patch as described herein includes a flexible substrate and an electrode array arranged on the flexible substrate. The electrode array includes a plurality of electrodes, where each of the plurality of electrodes is formed of a hydrogel. Additionally, each of the plurality of electrodes defines a raised geometry. Additionally, an example system includes the electrode patch, which is configured to interface with a subject's skin, and an electronics module operably coupled to the electrode array.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for interfacing with biological tissue are described herein. An example electrode patch as described herein includes a flexible substrate and an electrode array arranged on the flexible substrate. The electrode array includes a plurality of electrodes, where each of the plurality of electrodes is formed of a hydrogel. Additionally, each of the plurality of electrodes defines a raised geometry. Additionally, an example system includes the electrode patch, which is configured to interface with a subject's skin, and an electronics module operably coupled to the electrode array.

Abstract: Implementations disclosed herein provide for a microneedle electrode system comprising a microneedle electrode patch connected to external electronics. The microneedle electrode patch comprises a first flexible substrate having a plurality of conductive pads disposed thereon, a plurality of three-dimensional, individually addressable microneedle electrode arrays where each array has a plurality of microneedles extending from an upper surface thereof and a lower surface adapted to contact a corresponding one of the plurality of conductive pads disposed on the first substrate, and a second flexible substrate having a plurality of openings defined therein dimensioned to accommodate at least a portion of the upper surface of the microneedle electrode array from which the microneedles extend.

Abstract: Electrophysiology culture plates are provided and are formed from a transparent microelectrode array (MEA) plate. The MEA plate comprises a substrate, a first layer and a first insulating layer. The substrate has a plurality of vias extending from an upper to a lower surface, each via being in electrical contact with each of a plurality of contact pads disposed on the lower surface. The first layer is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate and has a plurality of MEA arrays in electrical communication with at least a first routing layer. Each MEA array comprises a plurality of reference electrodes and a plurality of microelectrodes and the first routing layer is in electrical communication with a select number of the plurality of vias. A first insulating layer is disposed on the first layer.

Abstract: Electrophysiology culture plates are provided and are formed from a transparent microelectrode array (MEA) plate. The MEA plate comprises a substrate, a first layer and a first insulating layer. The substrate has a plurality of vias extending from an upper to a lower surface, each via being in electrical contact with each of a plurality of contact pads disposed on the lower surface. The first layer is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate and has a plurality of MEA arrays in in electrical communication with at least a first routing layer. Each MEA array comprises a plurality of reference electrodes and a plurality of microelectrodes and the first routing layer is in electrical communication with a select number of the plurality of vias. A first insulating layer is disposed on the first layer.

Abstract: Electrophysiology culture plates are provided and are formed from a transparent micro-electrode array (MEA) plate. The MEA plate comprises a substrate, a first layer and a first insulating layer. The substrate has a plurality of vias extending from an upper to a lower surface, each via being in electrical contact with each of a plurality of contact pads disposed on the lower surface. The first layer is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate and has a plurality of MEA arrays in in electrical communication with at least a first routing layer. Each MEA array comprises a plurality of reference electrodes and a plurality of microelectrodes and the first routing layer is in electrical communication with a select number of the plurality of vias. A first insulating layer is disposed on the first layer.

Abstract: Electrophysiology culture plates are provided and are formed from a transparent microelectrode array (MEA) plate. The MEA plate comprises a substrate, a first layer and a first insulating layer. The substrate has a plurality of vias extending from an upper to a lower surface, each via being in electrical contact with each of a plurality of contact pads disposed on the lower surface. The first layer is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate and has a plurality of MEA arrays in in electrical communication with at least a first routing layer. Each MEA array comprises a plurality of reference electrodes and a plurality of microelectrodes and the first routing layer is in electrical communication with a select number of the plurality of vias. A first insulating layer is disposed on the first layer.

Abstract: Implementations disclosed herein provide for a microneedle electrode system comprising a microneedle electrode patch connected to external electronics. The microneedle electrode patch comprises a first flexible substrate having a plurality of conductive pads disposed thereon, a plurality of three-dimensional, individually addressable microneedle electrode arrays where each array has a plurality of microneedles extending from an upper surface thereof and a lower surface adapted to contact a corresponding one of the plurality of conductive pads disposed on the first substrate, and a second flexible substrate having a plurality of openings defined therein dimensioned to accommodate at least a portion of the upper surface of the microneedle electrode array from which the microneedles extend.