Abstract: The present disclosure relates dynamic closed-loop neuromodulation techniques to induce an externally powered electrical cortical stimulation (XCS) configured for various applications by leveraging real-time neural data of a subject. The neural data may be collected by one or more neuromodulation devices, placed epidurally through surgical implantation into a skull. A brain state may be estimated by processing the neural data via analytical techniques. Based on the predicted brain state, a set of stimulation parameters, associated with the XCS for a cortical region, may be determined. This determination may rely on a state transition model, configured to learn how brain transitions from one brain state to another based on the ongoing neural activity. The brain responses to applied XCS may be monitored from the neural data collected in real-time. Based on the monitoring, one or more stimulation parameters may be dynamically adjusted for each XCS in a closed loop.

Abstract: Externally powered stimulation therapies may be applied to a targeted region to modulate a physiological activity within a subject and to address one or more physiological conditions. The present disclosure relates to configuring a set of selection parameters based on data from a non-invasive technique, and rhythmic parameters or event-based parameters derived from physiological data of the subject for modulation of the physiological activity. The techniques, as disclosed herein, may initiate an externally powered cortical stimulation (XCS) therapy and a regenerated XCS therapy to the targeted region of the subject through a stimulation electrode, based on the set of selection parameters. The regenerated XCS therapy may be initiated after reconfiguring the set of selection parameters based on feedback from the subject following the delivery of the XCS therapy.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to techniques for improving neuromodulation and therapeutic brain interventions by leveraging a multi-layered waveform generation module designed to induce long-term neuroplasticity that is efficient and effective. The disclosed techniques may involve a waveform generation module configured to generate a stimulation waveform comprising five distinct layers, each targeting specific neural mechanisms and enhancing stimulation delivery. These layers may include neural activation, impulse response, theta modulation, and stimulation parameters such as burst cycle control, hourly stimulation optimization, and daily stimulation scheduling. The generated stimulation waveform may be customized based on neural data (e.g., EEG, ECoG, fNIRS, epidural electrocorticography or stereo-EEG data) to align with a subject's intrinsic brain activity.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to real-time monitoring and assessment of performance indicators in devices leveraging magnetoelectric (ME) films to predict operational performance-service life, failure risk and acute events of the magnetoelectric films. Predicting the operational performance may involve employing data acquisition techniques to measure various real-time performance indicators including electrical characteristics e.g., voltage, power and/or resonance frequency that can immediately indicate operational status of the ME films, while changes in resistance and capacitance can indicate degradation to assess durability and performance of the ME films. By leveraging data analysis techniques for the measured real-time performance indicators, both gradual degradation and sudden failures may be analyzed that in turn may result in predicting operation performance.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to improving the robustness and reliability of magnetoelectric (ME) films by fine-tuning different parameters of the films and providing additional features for operation of the ME films for long periods of time. The additional features may include e.g. mechanical holding such as a hermetic enclosure, electrical connections, hermetic protection, while parameters of the ME film may include geometric configurations including shape and the point of placement. Other additional features may include incorporating additional elements such as microelectronics into the hermetic enclosure as a system on module, adding desiccant elements, and bias magnets to enhance strain on the ME films. The ME films can also be miniaturized to make them suitable for integration into small-scale devices due to their compact size, low power consumption, and a high sensitivity to electric and magnetic fields.

Abstract: The disclosure describes new apparatus, systems and methods utilizing magnetoelectric neural stimulators with tunable amplitude and waveform. Specific embodiments of the present disclosure include a magnetoelectric film, a magnetic field generator and an electrical circuit coupled to the magnetoelectric film. In particular embodiments, the electrical circuit comprises components configured modify an electrical output signal produced by the magnetoelectric film. In certain embodiments, the electrical circuit is configured to modify the electric signal to charge a charge storage element, to transmit data to an implantable wireless neural stimulator, and to provide a stimulation output to electrodes.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to improving power output of magnetoelectric (ME) films by fine-tuning different parameters of the films. These parameters may include e.g., resonance frequency, magnetic flux collection, interface adhesion, strain enhancement and coupling coefficient that may be fine-tuned through geometric modifications such as by adjusting thickness or layering, surface area or dimensions such as height and width aspect ratio, and patterning. Other configurations of ME film design may also include incorporating additional elements such as a flux-steering element for capturing more flux, additional coils or adding a bias magnet as a strain enhancer. ME films may offer miniaturization for integration into small-scale devices due to their sensitivity to electric and magnetic field, compact size, and low power consumption.

Abstract: The disclosure describes new apparatus, systems and methods utilizing magnetoelectric neural stimulators with tunable amplitude and waveform. Specific embodiments of the present disclosure include a magnetoelectric film, a magnetic field generator and an electrical circuit coupled to the magnetoelectric film, in particular embodiments, the electrical circuit comprises components configured modify an electrical output signal produced by the magnetoelectric film. In certain embodiments, the electrical circuit is configured to modify the electric signal to charge a charge storage element, to transmit data to an implantable wireless neural stimulator, and to provide a stimulation output to electrodes.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of this disclosure include apparatus, systems and methods utilizing a passive, power-efficient backscattering communication system that enables transmitting data wirelessly between implantable magnetoelectric (ME) devices and an external base station. Certain embodiments encode the transmitted data through modulating the resonance frequency of a ME film by digitally tuning its electric loading conditions.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of this disclosure include apparatus, systems and methods utilizing a passive, power-efficient backscattering communication system that enables transmitting data wirelessly between implantable magnetoelectric (ME) devices and an external base station. Certain embodiments encode the transmitted data through modulating the resonance frequency of a ME film by digitally tuning its electric loading conditions.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of this disclosure include apparatus, systems and methods utilizing a passive, power-efficient backscattering communication system that enables transmitting data wirelessly between implantable magnetoelectric (ME) devices and an external base station. Certain embodiments encode the transmitted data through modulating the resonance frequency of a ME film by digitally tuning its electric loading conditions.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of this disclosure include apparatus, systems and methods utilizing a passive, power-efficient backscattering communication system that enables transmitting data wirelessly between implantable magnetoelectric (ME) devices and an external base station. Certain embodiments encode the transmitted data through modulating the resonance frequency of a ME film by digitally tuning its electric loading conditions.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of this disclosure include apparatus, systems and methods utilizing a passive, power-efficient backscattering communication system that enables transmitting data wirelessly between implantable magnetoelectric (ME) devices and an external base station. Certain embodiments encode the transmitted data through modulating the resonance frequency of a ME film by digitally tuning its electric loading conditions.

Abstract: The disclosure describes new apparatus, systems and methods utilizing magnetoelectric neural stimulators with tunable amplitude and waveform. Specific embodiments of the present disclosure include a magnetoelectric film, a magnetic field generator and an electrical circuit coupled to the magnetoelectric film, in particular embodiments, the electrical circuit comprises components configured modify an electrical output signal produced by the magnetoelectric film. In certain embodiments, the electrical circuit is configured to modify the electric signal to charge a charge storage element, to transmit data to an implantable wireless neural stimulator, and to provide a stimulation output to electrodes.