Abstract: A method of providing a path between bridges of a first network segment. The first network segment is configured using a Spanning Tree Protocol (‘STP’). The method includes providing a second network segment interconnecting first and second bridges of said first network segment. The second network segment is operable to transmit frames adherent to a High-availability Seamless Redundancy (‘HSR’) network control protocol and to discard the STP control data frames. The method also includes modifying at a first Redundancy Box (‘RedBox’) STP control data frames to form modified data frames adherent to the HSR protocol. The method also includes modifying at a second RedBox, the modified data frames to re-form the STP control data frames.

Abstract: A method of providing a path between bridges of a first network segment. The first network segment is configured using a Spanning Tree Protocol (‘STP’). The method includes providing a second network segment interconnecting first and second bridges of said first network segment. The second network segment is operable to transmit frames adherent to a High-availability Seamless Redundancy (‘HSR’) network control protocol and to discard the STP control data frames. The method also includes modifying at a first Redundancy Box (‘RedBox’) STP control data frames to form modified data frames adherent to the HSR protocol. The method also includes modifying at a second RedBox, the modified data frames to re-form the STP control data frames.

Abstract: A method of facilitating clock synchronization over redundant networks may include, when a SYNC message and a DELAY_REQ message of a PTP clock synchronization cycle are carried by different redundant networks, adjusting a timestamp associated with one of the messages to emulate carriage of the SYNC message and the DELAY_REQ message by the same redundant network. In a method of facilitating PTP clock synchronization, an indicator of an operational status of each of a pair of redundant networks for carrying messages from a slave clock to a master clock may be embedded in a PTP message destined for the slave clock. An indicator of which one of the pair of redundant networks is valid for PTP clock synchronization may be obtained from a PTP message destined for the master clock. PTP messages to the master clock may be selectively relayed based on whether the PTP messages have been received from the valid one of the redundant networks.

Abstract: A method of facilitating clock synchronization over redundant networks may include, when a SYNC message and a DELAY_REQ message of a PTP clock synchronization cycle are carried by different redundant networks, adjusting a timestamp associated with one of the messages to emulate carriage of the SYNC message and the DELAY_REQ message by the same redundant network. In a method of facilitating PTP clock synchronization, an indicator of an operational status of each of a pair of redundant networks for carrying messages from a slave clock to a master clock may be embedded in a PTP message destined for the slave clock. An indicator of which one of the pair of redundant networks is valid for PTP clock synchronization may be obtained from a PTP message destined for the master clock. PTP messages to the master clock may be selectively relayed based on whether the PTP messages have been received from the valid one of the redundant networks.

Abstract: The transmission of data is accomplished across a network having wireless and wired interfaces. Data is transferred through a wireless interface from an Access Point to a Client/Bridge and then to one of a Intelligent Electrical Device (IED) connected to the Client/Bridge through a wired connection. Data is transferred from the Access Point to the Client/Bridge through a 4 address mode wireless interface having originator, transmitter, receiver and destination address fields. The Client/Bridge determines context cache information representing the media access control numbers of each of the IEDs connected to the Client/Bridge through the wired interface and transfers this context cache information to the AP. In the event of a failure of the Client/Bridge, the context cache information stored at the AP can be transferred to the Client/Bridge using the wireless interface to facilitate recovery of the Client/Bridge.

Abstract: Methods, compositions, and kits for predicting and controlling fruit color in palm.

Abstract: The transmission of data is accomplished across a network having wireless and wired interfaces. Data is transferred through a wireless interface from an Access Point to a Client/Bridge and then to one of a Intelligent Electrical Device (IED) connected to the Client/Bridge through a wired connection. Data is transferred from the Access Point to the Client/Bridge through a 4 address mode wireless interface having originator, transmitter, receiver and destination address fields. The originator address uniquely identifies an IED in the overall network, the transmitter address identifies the AP transmitting the data, the receiver address identifies the Client/Bridge receiving the data through the wireless interface while the destination address refers to one of the IEDs connected to the Client/Bridge through the wired interface. Communication can also be performed in reverse from one of the IEDs connected to the Client/Bridge through the wired interface to an IED in the overall network.