Abstract: A spinal interbody device (IBD) includes a solid wall that at least partially defines a boundary of the IBD and a porous body connected to the solid wall. The porous body includes a plurality of sections that form at least a portion of both a superior and inferior bone interface side of the IBD. Each section of the porous body has a different porosity than an adjacent section such that the porosities increase toward a center of the IBD.

Abstract: Expandable spinal interbody implants include a body and at least one extendable support element connected thereto. Such an implant may include a second extendable support element and a tool selectively positionable with respect to the implant so as to independently or simultaneously expand both extendable support elements. In another example, such an implant may include, at each of a first and second location, a respective movable member and a respective locking element. The at least one extendable support element may be actuatable to expand so as to induce movement of at least one of the movable members away from the body. The locking elements at each of the first and second locations may be selectively lockable such that, when locked, the locking element restrains movement of the associated movable member at that location away from the body without restraining movement of the other movable member away from the body.

Abstract: A spinal implant for placement between vertebral bodies includes a first member for engaging one of the vertebral bodies, a second member for engaging an opposing one of the vertebral bodies, and at least one extendable support element for inducing movement of the entire first member away from the second member. The first member is connected to the second member such that the first member moves away from the second member by a larger distance at a first end of the implant than at a second end of the implant. A connecting member may connect the first and second members together at the second end of the implant. The connecting member may include one or more rotatable linkages, or the connecting member may be an extension of one of the first and second members slidably received within a track defined within the other of the first and second members.

Abstract: A surgical implant system includes an implant and a fixation member for securing the implant to tissue. The implant and the fixation member together comprise a single monolithic structure. The implant includes an insertion instrument. The implant, the fixation member, and the insertion instrument together comprise a single monolithic structure and are constructed from a single material. The implant is monolithically connected to the fixation member at a first frangible connection and is monolithically connected to the insertion instrument at a second frangible connection. Each of the frangible connections can be broken when force is applied.

Abstract: A tool for creating an incision at a surgical site includes a body for use with a robotic end effector having a proximal end and a distal end, and a blade positioned at the distal end of the body, the blade having a proximal end and a distal end, the blade having a cutting edge defining a first portion extending outwardly from or adjacent to the proximal end to a maximum width and a second portion extending inwardly from the maximum width to a sharp distal tip.

Abstract: Hydraulically expandable spinal rods and methods of use thereof are disclosed. The spinal rod may include a piston rod, a static rod, and a hydraulic pressure chamber for accepting hydraulic fluid and causing the piston rod to move in an expansion direction relative to the static rod. Upon connection of the piston and static rods to a patient's spinal column, the hydraulic spinal rod may be expanded to aid in correction of an underlying spinal deformity.

Abstract: A surgical tool for use with a drill bit to prevent skiving at an implant insertion site on a bone includes a cannulated sleeve having a distal end defining a burr surface. The distal end may be detachable from a body of the cannulated sleeve. The tool may be used with more than one distal end, each of the distal ends defining a burr surface having a different cutting surface from the others. The tool may form a system that includes the drill bit.

Abstract: A surgical implant system includes an implant and a fixation member for securing the implant to tissue. The implant and the fixation member together comprise a single monolithic structure. The implant includes an insertion instrument. The implant, the fixation member, and the insertion instrument together comprise a single monolithic structure and are constructed from a single material. The implant is monolithically connected to the fixation member at a first frangible connection and is monolithically connected to the insertion instrument at a second frangible connection. Each of the frangible connections can be broken when force is applied.

Abstract: Hydraulically expandable spinal rods and methods of use thereof are disclosed. The spinal rod may include a piston rod, a static rod, and a hydraulic pressure chamber for accepting hydraulic fluid and causing the piston rod to move in an expansion direction relative to the static rod. Upon connection of the piston and static rods to a patient's spinal column, the hydraulic spinal rod may be expanded to aid in correction of an underlying spinal deformity.

Abstract: A device for loading bone graft material into a delivery tube is provided herein. The device includes a housing defining a reservoir for receiving bone graft, a magazine at least partially disposed within the housing, and an actuation member coupled to the housing for discharging the bone graft material into the delivery tube. The magazine defines a first chamber and a second chamber and is moveable between a first position in which the first chamber is in communication with the reservoir and a second position in which the second chamber is in communication with the reservoir. The actuation member includes a plunger configured to slide into the first chamber and the second chamber to discharge bone graft material, when bone graft material is contained therein, into the delivery tube. Methods of loading bone graft material are also provided.

Abstract: A spinal implant for placement between vertebral bodies includes a first member for engaging one of the vertebral bodies, a second member for engaging an opposing one of the vertebral bodies, and at least one extendable support element for inducing movement of the entire first member away from the second member. The first member is connected to the second member such that the first member moves away from the second member by a larger distance at a first end of the implant than at a second end of the implant. A connecting member may connect the first and second members together at the second end of the implant. The connecting member may include one or more rotatable linkages, or the connecting member may be an extension of one of the first and second members slidably received within a track defined within the other of the first and second members.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a surgical cutting guide, a surgical cutting guide assembly and a method for using same. The surgical cutting may have first and second slots defining first and second axes respectively. The surgical cutting guide may be positioned away from a vertebral body such that the first and second axes intersect at a distal point located in an interior of the vertebral body. The surgical cutting assembly may include the surgical cutting guide with first and second cutting instruments. A method of performing a pedicle subtraction osteotomy may include the steps of placing the surgical cutting guide over the first and second cutting instruments.

Abstract: A device for loading bone graft material into a delivery tube is provided herein. The device includes a housing defining a reservoir for receiving bone graft, a magazine at least partially disposed within the housing, and an actuation member coupled to the housing for discharging the bone graft material into the delivery tube. The magazine defines a first chamber and a second chamber and is moveable between a first position in which the first chamber is in communication with the reservoir and a second position in which the second chamber is in communication with the reservoir. The actuation member includes a plunger configured to slide into the first chamber and the second chamber to discharge bone graft material, when bone graft material is contained therein, into the delivery tube. Methods of loading bone graft material are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a surgical cutting guide, a surgical cutting guide assembly and a method for using same. The surgical cutting may have first and second slots defining first and second axes respectively. The surgical cutting guide may be positioned away from a vertebral body such that the first and second axes intersect at a distal point located in an interior of the vertebral body. The surgical cutting assembly may include the surgical cutting guide with first and second cutting instruments. A method of performing a pedicle subtraction osteotomy may include the steps of placing the surgical cutting guide over the first and second cutting instruments.

Abstract: A debris collection device includes first and second members that are moveable relative to each other between first and second configurations. In the second configuration, the first and second members interface with each other and define a restraint opening that is configured to receive an elongate element, such as a spinal rod. The first and second members while in the second configuration define a guide opening that intersects the restraint opening. Such guide opening is configured to receive a cutting tool, such as a conical burr, drill bit, mill or saw. The first and second members have walls that, when in the second configuration, collectively define an interior space that has a volume sufficient to collect debris created by cutting the elongate element through the guide opening. Methods of utilizing the debris collection device allow for cutting of a spinal rod or the like in situ while capture debris caused by the cutting procedure.

Abstract: A polyaxial screwdriver for inserting a bone screw in a vertebra. A polyaxial bone screw assembly includes a coupling element. When a screw engaging end of the polyaxial screwdriver is lowered on the head of the bone screw, the complimentary surfaces of the screw engaging end of the screwdriver and the head of the screw self-align. A ratchet mechanism formed in the screwdriver provides progressive and automatic locking of the polyaxial screwdriver to the coupling element and prevents the accidental unthreading from the coupling element. In another embodiment of the polyaxial screwdriver, a collet slides over the outside surface of the upper end of the coupling element and locks on to the coupling element. In yet another embodiment of a polyaxial screwdriver, the outer sleeve of the polyaxial screwdriver has a split end that securely engages the coupling element.

Abstract: A stylet control system for selectively advancing and retracting a stylet includes a stylet having a first end and a second end, the second end being threaded, a screwdriver defining a bore for receiving a portion of the stylet and having a screw-engaging end for engaging a screw, the stylet being rotationally fixed relative to the screwdriver. The system includes a control device having a passage for receiving the screwdriver and having an inner portion defining a lumen for receiving the portion of the stylet, the inner portion being threaded for engaging the threaded second end of the stylet, when the screwdriver is rotated in the first rotation direction and the control device is prevented from rotating, the screwdriver advances the screw in the first axial direction and the stylet retracts in a second axial direction, opposite the first axial direction.

Abstract: A screwdriver for driving a screw in bone includes a first body configured to engage a tulip of the screw, a first central bore extending through the first body, a second body having a second central bore extending through the second body and an external surface having a spline member positioned at least partially within the cavity, an inner shaft configured to drive a screw into bone and being rotatably coupled with the second body, a spring-biased pawl engageable with the spline member of the second body, a collar rotatable relative to the first body and the second body and having a cammed inner surface, when the collar is rotated in a first direction about the first body, the cammed inner surface pushes the spring-biased pawl into engagement with the spline member to rotatably couple the first body and the second body.

Abstract: A system for percutaneous spinal fusion may include two spaced apart blades connected together by a coupling such that the blades define a percutaneous pathway from a skin incision to an implanted pedicle fastener. The coupling may be c-shaped and may have at least one flexible tab for engaging one or more holes along the length of the blades. If one of the blades becomes disconnected from the pedicle fastener, a supplemental access device may be provided comprising a tubular body having a channel therein for receiving the other of the blades. If both of the blades become disconnected, a supplemental access device may be provided comprising a gripping member received within a locking member. The gripping member may have two legs engageable with the pedicle fastener, and the locking member may move along the gripping member to prevent the legs from disengaging the pedicle fastener.

Abstract: A spinal marking system includes a marker having a threaded member and a flexible member connected to the threaded member. The flexible member has a length longer than that of the threaded member. The system also includes a navigation tool having a shaft configured to connect to the threaded member. The navigation tool also includes a navigation array connected to the shaft. The navigation array having a plurality of fiducials that are configured to communicate with a robotic system.