Abstract: The invention uses application monitoring software running on individual machines, as well as network monitoring software to observe the operations of multiple machines and the networks connecting them, in order to achieve efficient understanding of highly distributed systems. Applications are monitored at multiple levels including cloud, edge and all levels in between, in order to detect the existence of and classify the type of network and application and infrastructure components, provide an efficient way to monitor these components in real time, provide an efficient way to find correlations between discrete parts (e.g. servers, containers, APIs) of the system, understand different deployment alternatives, and provide a means to provide Root Cause Analysis when a fault or degradation is detected in the service or application performance.

Abstract: A network cloud software is provided which is configured to enable operation of multiple hardware network elements as a single routing or switching entity. The network cloud software is used in a distributed manner and provides layers of synchronization and management to allow creation of a network cloud cluster that can start with a single white-box that acts as a stand-alone network device and then scale it to a cluster of tens of hardware elements that would still appear to the external user as a single entity. The network cloud software may also implement mediation layer (HAL) that allows the use of a multi-vendor hardware types by the same network cloud software that is capable of running on a number of different hardware types, while to the external user they will all be seen as devices that have the same functionality and the same network behavior.

Abstract: A network processing element and method for using it, are provided for use in a cluster comprising a plurality of network processing elements, wherein the network processing element is configured to enable provisioning of a plurality of different services, wherein the network processing element is configured to store state data associated with one or more functions required for carrying out each of the plurality of different services, and wherein the network processing element is further configured to provide a service or part thereof, based on the state data associated the network processing element's processing resources required for carrying out one or more functions in the provisioning of the requested service.

Abstract: A method for executing instructions embedded in two threads stored in a system including two operating units and a virtual managing entity for holding queues for virtual objects (VO) waiting to use a respective operating unit and diverting them between queues. Each VO is associated with two virtual timers, one measuring a time period during which the VO is held in the queue (TIQ) and the other providing time period during which the VO will remain in an alive state (TTL). The method includes receiving information relating to VOs associated with the two threads; operating on VOs for which their TTLs have expired; upon emerging from its respective queue, determining whether each VO should be diverted to another queue; upon diverting the VO, resetting its TIQ timer; and allocating an access time to each VO based on a number of threads requiring that VO and the TIQ associated therewith.

Abstract: A distributed routing system is provided for use in a communication network, wherein the distributed routing system includes at least one cluster comprising a plurality of cluster elements and characterized in that the cluster elements that are used for forwarding communication traffic from among the plurality of cluster elements are synchronized there-between to a single clock and then synchronized to an external communication element, such as a client clock. Optionally, all the cluster elements that are used for forward communication traffic, are configured to implement IEEE 1588 standard and/or Synchronous Ethernet (Sync-E).

Abstract: A distributed routing system is provided for use in a communication network. The distributed routing system comprises a plurality of forwarding modules and a plurality of fabric modules. At least one counter located at at least one respective fabric module is configured to receive data relating to the number of packets being forwarded via physical and/or logical interfaces associated with at least two of the plurality of forwarding modules.

Abstract: A communication router, adapted for use in an Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol compliant communication network, is provided. The communication router comprises processing means configured to automatically adjust the communication router's cost metrics set for forwarding communication traffic via at least one link that extends between that communication router and a respective adjacent neighboring router. The cost metrics is adjusted in compliance with costs determined by the respective adjacent neighboring router for forwarding traffic from the respective adjacent neighboring router along that link.

Abstract: A method and a communication system configured to operate in a network cloud, are provided.

Abstract: A physical network element is provided which is configured to operate as a plurality of separated routing entities, each functioning independently of the others, wherein the physical network element is characterized in that: a) each of the plurality of routing entities is provided with its own control, management and data planes, as well as with a dedicated routing information base table and a forwarding information base table; and b) all of the plurality of routing entities are configured to operate while sharing at least one member of a group that consists of: (i) one or more packet processors comprised in the physical network element; (ii) one or more central processing units (CPUs) comprised in the physical network element; (iii) one or more fabrics comprised in the physical network element; and (iv) one or more network interfaces comprised in the physical network element.

Abstract: A method for use in a communication network is provided.

Abstract: A communication system comprising at least one smart network interface card (“NIC”) provided with a logic/programmable processor and a local memory, and a computing element, wherein a communication bus is used to connect said smart NIC and said computing element to enable forwarding data there-between, wherein the system is characterized in that said smart NIC is configured to receive data packets, to extract data therefrom and to forward less than all data comprised in the received data packets, to said computing element along said communication bus, and wherein the forwarded data comprises data which is preferably required for making networking decisions that relate to that respective data packet.

Abstract: A network element is provided, configured to operate in an IP-based communication network and to manage resources in that communication network which are being utilized by a software application. The management of these resources is carried out by the network element (e.g. a router) through affecting changes in these resources in response to obtaining information retrieved from an application program interface (API) associated with the software application, such as for example, values of key performance indicators (KPIs) associated with the software application.

Abstract: A method for use in a communication network is provided.

Abstract: A network processing element and method for using it, are provided for use in a cluster comprising a plurality of network processing elements, wherein the network processing element is configured to enable provisioning of a plurality of different services, wherein the network processing element is configured to store state data associated with one or more functions required for carrying out each of the plurality of different services, and wherein the network processing element is further configured to provide a service or part thereof, based on the state data associated the network processing element's processing resources required for carrying out one or more functions in the provisioning of the requested service.

Abstract: A parallel-processing computer system is provided for parallel processing of data packets conveyed in a communication network. The system comprises: a memory; a plurality of processing elements; and a program stored at the memory for execution by the plurality of processing elements.

Abstract: A method and a communication system configured to operate in a network cloud, are provided. The system comprising a plurality of physical network elements and a server, where the latter is configured to operate as a cloud orchestrator which receives information related to key performance indicators (KPIs) collected from the plurality of physical network elements, and determines whether a pre-defined action that relates to a respective physical network element needs to be executed based on a) one or more threshold values stored at the cloud orchestrator and associated with these KPIs, and b) the information collected from the plurality of physical network elements.

Abstract: A sub-system is described which is operative to be used as a virtual Provider Edge (v PE) cluster of an SDN communication system. The sub-system comprises a plurality of network elements, wherein the v PE cluster further comprises one or more virtual routing engines for routing traffic to/from the plurality of network elements, the one or more virtual routing engines are configured to communicate with a managing entity and with a plurality of virtual forwarding engines, and wherein the managing entity is configured to manage operation of the one or more virtual routing engines and the plurality of virtual forwarding engines. According to another aspect, the sub-system comprises a plurality of network elements and a managing entity, wherein the network elements having each one or more ports to convey traffic therethrough, and wherein at least one of the ports associated with the sub-system is configured to serve a plurality of customers.

Abstract: An SDN communication system comprising a plurality of White Boxes and a plurality of servers, characterized in that all traffic to/from a plurality of mobile elements, to/from a plurality of broadband communication elements and to/from enterprises, is forwarded after it has been re-arranged based on pre-defined criteria via a single unified cloud, and wherein the unified cloud extends from a plurality of users to a core network, covering a Last Mile network, a Metro network and an Edge network.

Abstract: A network element and a method are configured to monitor a plurality of traffic flows conveyed in a communications network, wherein the network element comprises: at least one packet processor configured to support ACL functionality, and at least one CPU configured to track traffic flows and to export statistical data.

Abstract: A method is provided for executing instructions embedded in two threads stored in a processing system comprising two operating units and a virtual managing entity for holding a plurality of queues for virtual objects waiting to use a respective operating unit and for diverting virtual objects from one queue to another. Each virtual object is associated with two virtual timers, one being a virtual timer for measuring a time period during which the virtual object is held in the queue (TIQ) and the other provides a period of time during which the virtual object will remain in an alive state (TTL).