Abstract: A method of driving a multi-pixel electrophoretic display that is designed to enable at least three colors, e.g., eight, at each pixel. This method uses a first drive scheme capable of effecting transitions between all of the color states that can be displayed at each pixel; and a second drive scheme that contains only transitions ending at white or black, which is very useful for drawing black lines on a white page, reading black text on a white page, or reading white text on a black page. In order to control the amount of impulse potential accumulated at each pixel during the switch between drive modes, two intermediate transitional modes are added.

Abstract: A system for simplified driving of electrophoretic media using a positive and a negative voltage source, where the voltage sources have different magnitudes, and a controller that cycles the top electrode between the two voltage sources and ground while coordinating driving at least two drive electrodes opposed to the top electrode. The resulting system can achieve roughly the same color states as compared to supplying each drive electrode with six independent drive levels and ground. Thus, the system simplifies the required electronics with only marginal loss in color gamut. The system is particularly useful for addressing an electrophoretic medium including four sets of different particles, e.g., wherein three of the particles are colored and subtractive and one of the particles is light-scattering.

Abstract: Enhanced push pull driving waveforms for driving a four particle electrophoretic medium including four different types of particles, for example a set of scattering particles and three sets of subtractive particles. Methods for identifying a preferred waveform for a target color state when using a voltage driver having at least five different voltage levels.

Abstract: A system for simplified driving of electrophoretic media using a positive and a negative voltage source, where the voltage sources have different magnitudes, and a controller that cycles the top electrode between the two voltage sources and ground while coordinating driving at least two drive electrodes opposed to the top electrode. The resulting system can achieve roughly the same color states as compared to supplying each drive electrode with six independent drive levels and ground. Thus, the system simplifies the required electronics with only marginal loss in color gamut. The system is particularly useful for addressing an electrophoretic medium including four sets of different particles, e.g., wherein three of the particles are colored and subtractive and one of the particles is light-scattering.

Abstract: Enhanced push pull driving waveforms for driving a four particle electrophoretic medium including four different types of particles, for example a set of scattering particles and three sets of subtractive particles. Methods for identifying a preferred waveform for a target color state when using a voltage driver having at least five different voltage levels.

Abstract: Continuous waveforms for driving a four-particle electrophoretic medium including four different types of particles, for example a set of scattering particles and three sets of subtractive particles. Methods for identifying a preferred waveform for a target color state or a target transition when using a continuous or quasi-continuous voltage driver/controller.

Abstract: Enhanced push pull driving waveforms for driving a four particle electrophoretic medium including four different types of particles, for example a set of scattering particles and three sets of subtractive particles. Methods for identifying a preferred waveform for a target color state when using a voltage driver having at least five different voltage levels.

Abstract: Enhanced push pull driving waveforms for driving a four particle electrophoretic medium including four different types of particles, for example a set of scattering particles and three sets of subtractive particles. Methods for identifying a preferred waveform for a target color state when using a voltage driver having at least five different voltage levels.

Abstract: A system for simplified driving of electrophoretic media using a positive and a negative voltage source, where the voltage sources have different magnitudes, and a controller that cycles the top electrode between the two voltage sources and ground while coordinating driving at least two drive electrodes opposed to the top electrode. The resulting system can achieve roughly the same color states as compared to supplying each drive electrode with six independent drive levels and ground. Thus, the system simplifies the required electronics with only marginal loss in color gamut. The system is particularly useful for addressing an electrophoretic medium including four sets of different particles, e.g., wherein three of the particles are colored and subtractive and one of the particles is light-scattering.

Abstract: Continuous waveforms for driving a four-particle electrophoretic medium including four different types of particles, for example a set of scattering particles and three sets of subtractive particles. Methods for identifying a preferred waveform for a target color state or a target transition when using a continuous or quasi-continuous voltage driver/controller.

Abstract: Enhanced push pull driving waveforms for driving a four particle electrophoretic medium including four different types of particles, for example a set of scattering particles and three sets of subtractive particles. Methods for identifying a preferred waveform for a target color state when using a voltage driver having at least five different voltage levels.

Abstract: Presented herein are compositions, systems, and methods related to optical substrates that simultaneous (1) enhance a fluorescence signal emitted by a fluorophore and (2) enhance “contrast” signal that comprises scattered signal intensity over substrate reflectivity at a non-fluorescent wavelength. In certain embodiments, the optical substrate comprises a thin, transparent, dielectric layer. In alternative embodiments, the optical substrate comprises a stack of thin, transparent dielectric layers, for example, that is designed for both specific scattering enhancement and fluorescence enhancement.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for designing, optimizing or characterizing multi-layered thin film stacks. The system and method employ multi-core or multi-processor architectures such as those in graphical processing units (GPU) that are capable of efficient and parallel computation of matrix data representing parameters and variables of the thin film stack. Previously-unattainable solution sets are rapidly developed to study the geometric and performance characteristics of thin film stacks, especially non-traditional film stacks that would otherwise be difficult or impossible to design or study.