Abstract: A parameter of a first checker in a profile of the first checker is configured. The parameter comprises a restriction on contents of a modification to a dataset. The modification comprises a write to a portion of the dataset. The dataset is modifiable by a plurality of authors. The first checker has a first checker owner. A first modification to the dataset is validated against a restriction enforced by the first checker according to the parameter. The first modification has a modification owner. Responsive to the validating detecting that the first modification is acceptable, the first modification is allowed.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of automatically identifying a product offering for a customer using a generated decision tree from a directed acyclic graph knowledge base is described. The method includes, by a processor, identifying a set of product offerings, where each product offering is described by a file. The method converts each file into a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) and clusters the DAGs. For each cluster, the processor creates a decision tree to distinguish between the product offerings.

Abstract: A parameter of a first checker in a profile of the first checker is configured. The parameter comprises a restriction on contents of a modification to a dataset. The modification comprises a write to a portion of the dataset. The dataset is modifiable by a plurality of authors. The first checker has a first checker owner. A first modification to the dataset is validated against a restriction enforced by the first checker according to the parameter. The first modification has a modification owner. Responsive to the validating detecting that the first modification is acceptable, the first modification is allowed.

Abstract: The call flow of a user is modified based on the user's situation. A set of context-specific information regarding a user is collected, without prompting the user for this context-specific information within a call with the user. For instance, the context-specific information can include locational information regarding the user, weather information at the current location of the user, traffic information at the user's current location, proximity information of the user to a given transportation mode (airport, train station, and so on), as well as user preferences information. The situation of the user is determined based on the set of context-specific information collected, and the call flow of voice prompts to the user within the call is modified based on the situation determined.

Abstract: A system is described for processing voice applications comprising a client device (10) having associated data indicative of its computing capability. The system has access to a plurality of scripts specifying tasks to be performed in a voice-based dialog between a user and the system. The scripts are interpretable at a browser level. A server (20) selects an appropriate script for the client device (10) based on the associated data. An interpreter layer processes the selected script to determine a first set of instructions to be performed on the client device (10) and a second set of instructions to be performed on the server (20) for the dialog. Computation is thus shared between the client device and the server based on the computational capability of the client.

Abstract: A Web services-oriented service provider middleware architecture and implementation is provided that integrates the performance monitoring of individual CPs, along with other dynamic contextual conditions, in the automatic selection of appropriate CPs. In the architecture, a CP's performance is evaluated not only in terms of network or service-level parameters, but also via other business processes (e.g., complaint handling). The selection of multiple Web services occurs through an initial filtering of a set of feasible workflows for each task depending on business agreements and end user needs, and a subsequent dynamic context-based selection of the most appropriate workflow. A workflow filtering and ranking engine uses metarules to guide the optimisation process and help in selecting and ranking the feasible workflows. The component services in the workflows are evaluated by evaluator processes of information sources. The workflow engine outputs the workflows in their preference ranking.

Abstract: The adaptation precedence of an application (or order of adaptation of various components) is given as a directed acyclic graph (DAG), with each vertex being an atomic unit of adaptation, or a component which comprises of atomic units of adaptation. Each such component has an associated DAG specifying the order of adaptation with vertices as sub-components. Relations among sub-components and associated actions are stored as a table. The relations between sub-components of different components follow a set of constraints in order to be compatible relations. A linear order from the partial order is created as represented by the DAG and follows that order for adaptation of each component. Each component x is adapted atomically and then the table of relations is updated appropriately. As and when a component y is to be adapted, the table is looked-up and it is determined which relations and actions are to be enforced upon y while its adaptation is being executed.

Abstract: The method makes use of a given ontology to select keywords representative of a given document. The method finds all the terms in an ontology that occur in a document, and computes their frequency of occurrences in the document. The method then propagates these values from the leaves upwards to the root of the ontology during which it weights them. The method then selects a subset of terms of the ontology structure as keywords representative of the document based on these weights.

Abstract: A given ontology is used to disambiguate one or more terms in a given document. The document is first scanned and the frequency of occurrence of the terms of the ontologies that occur in the document is computed. A unique path is selected to the ambiguous term in the ontology using the frequency of occurrence values in such a manner so as to select the most appropriate context for the ambiguous term in the document.

Abstract: Constraints associated with hardware upon which the application is to be deployed are determined, and parameters associated with the determined constraints are recorded for later use. Parameters may be static or dynamic in nature. Conflicts between determined constraints having incompatible parameters are resolved using a “consistent union” approach.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with reorganizing dialog call-flow in the presence of resource constraints. A call-flow has a set of dialogs. The set of grammars in a given call-flow set of dialogs is determined. Each grammar has an associated resource requirement. The resource constraint of the device is also determined. THe dialogs are reorganized subject to the device resource constraints not being exceeded by a resultant resource requirement of merged dialogs. The grammars can be split into atomic dialogs before the reorganization is performed. The reorganization includes merging at least two of the dialogs.

Abstract: Client-side scripts are repackaged on the server side to be sent to the client with the corresponding data element. They are packaged to appear no earlier than the program location of a first corresponding data element. The document is rendered as it arrives at the client. In parallel, execution of the scripts to validate corresponding data elements occurs no sooner than rendering of the data elements. Validation of the document is delayed until the document download (and validation) has been performed.

Abstract: Components of an application that may be requested by a user in the future are identified and adapted for operation with a device of the user in response to a request for a component of the application by the user. Optionally, only the requested and identified components are adapted for operation with the requesting device, which may enable component adaptation within a specified maximum time period. A reachability analysis may be performed to identify components reachable from the requested component and components that are within a specified distance of the requested component may be identified or selected. The identified components may further be selected or identified based on historical request patterns relating to the application.

Abstract: Workflows are constructed to minimize a cost function that can be representative of information exposure risk and resource overhead. Given a workflow specification that defines a predetermined input and a required output, a set of possible workflows that meet this workflow specification can be constructed. The possible workflows are constructed using components that have defined inputs and outputs. A set of possible workflows results, and an exposure measure is calculated for each of these possible workflows. A workflow that has a minimum calculated exposure measure is selected and returned.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method for optimal clustering of master-slave ad-hoc wireless network for minimizing the number of masters and thereby the number of communication hops. It comprises assigning master or slave status to each node and connecting slave nodes to master nodes to form subgroups based on defined optimization parameters and the constraints and characteristics of the network. After that said subgroups are interconnected to form a single cluster either by connecting a slave node at the boundary of one subgroup to the master of an adjacent subgroup where possible, or by connecting two adjacent master nodes together or by converting a slave node at the boundary to a master and linking it to the slave nodes or master nodes in the adjacent subgroups.

Abstract: A mouse for use with an automatic data processing system having a display device for displaying objects. The mouse is configured to be operated by movement of an operator's hand and includes a positioning system for controlling a position of a pointer within the display device of the automatic data processing system. The mouse also includes a selection button for selecting an object displayed within the display device and which is pointed to by the pointer. The selection button is configured to generate a signal to be processed by the automatic data processing system. The selection button is operable in accordance with movement of a palm section of the operator's hand.