Abstract: A method and apparatus for protecting computer systems from a virus are disclosed. For example, the present method protects against a class of computer viruses that replicate themselves by making use of the knowledge that a specific piece of software code or data component that always resides at a specific relative memory location in RAM for all instances of the software. In one embodiment, the present method divides a software application into a plurality of components and creates distinct copies of the software application by varying the locations of the components when loaded onto a computer system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for protecting computer systems from a virus are disclosed. For example, the present method protects against a class of computer viruses that replicate themselves by making use of the knowledge that a specific piece of software code or data component that always resides at a specific relative memory location in RAM for all instances of the software. In one embodiment, the present method divides a software application into a plurality of components and creates distinct copies of the software application by varying the locations of the components when loaded onto a computer system.

Abstract: A method is provided for securely transmitting information from a telephone to a calling party over a telephone network. In accordance with the method, encrypted audio signals are received from the telephone over a communication path to an authentication mechanism that may be located in the telephone network. The communication path is then disabled by placing the telephone is a hold state. The encrypted audio signals are decrypted to yield decrypted audio signals. The decrypted audio signals are transmitted to the calling party while the communication path is disabled. Finally, a communication path is enabled from the telephone to the calling party subsequent to transmitting the decrypted audio signals. This method provides a high degree of security since the communication path between the user and the authentication mechanism is disabled when the decrypted message is transmitted to the called party.

Abstract: This invention relates to a universal authenticator for use with an ordinary telephone station over an ordinary telephone line. The authenticator, which is the size and shape of a credit card, receives a query number by being held against the receiver of the telephone station and receiving audio signals in a receiver. Using its own key, it transforms the received query number into an individualized response number which it transmits via its speaker when the authenticator is held against the microphone of the telephone station.