Abstract: Determining near-end-of-life (NEOL) state of a combustion engine battery, comprising: first and second multi-functional modules operatively connected to a logic function linking group, each operating with different low cranking strength criteria based on using different reference voltages, and each counting a different number of occurrences of low cranking strength exhibited by the battery, for a plurality of engine startings; a third multi-functional module, additionally operatively connected to the logic function linking group, monitoring extent the battery was recharged by the charging system of the combustion engine during previous operation of the combustion engine, during each engine starting; and logic function linking group, performing logic operations and making decisions using simultaneously received output values of first, second, and third, multi-functional modules, for unambiguously determining a single logically correct specific case associated with the combustion engine battery in, or not in, t

Abstract: Determining near-end-of-life (NEOL) state of a combustion engine battery, comprising: first and second multi-functional modules operatively connected to a logic function linking group, each operating with different low cranking strength criteria based on using different reference voltages, and each counting a different number of occurrences of low cranking strength exhibited by the battery, for a plurality of engine startings; a third multi-functional module, additionally operatively connected to the logic function linking group, monitoring extent the battery was recharged by the charging system of the combustion engine during previous operation of the combustion engine, during each engine starting; and logic function linking group, performing logic operations and making decisions using simultaneously received output values of first, second, and third, multi-functional modules, for unambiguously determining a single logically correct specific case associated with the combustion engine battery in, or not in, t

Abstract: A method and device for in-use detecting low cranking strength of a combustion engine battery during engine starting, based on integrating changes in battery voltage specifically during engine starting, from the time the electro-mechanical starting load is initially applied to the battery, and logically analyzing values of the integrated changes in battery voltage during engine starting, for determining whether or not there is an initial stage of developing low cranking strength of the battery.

Abstract: A device and corresponding method for indicating in-use charging and abnormal discharging of a combustion engine battery during and following engine turn-off using a current sensor, a charge level tester, a latch circuit, a charge indicator, and a voltage level tester for detecting, measuring, indicating, and storing an indication of in-use normal or abnormal battery charging/discharging.

Abstract: An improved device and corresponding method for warning of deterioration of a starter mechanism in which a motor is powered by a battery to start a combustion engine, prior to failure of the starter mechanism to enable starting of the engine. Featuring the addition of at least one noise and/or vibration sensor, at least one corresponding noise and/or vibration level tester, a logic circuit, and a delay mechanism, to a device and method including a timer responsive to activation of the starter mechanism to time a given time interval, a voltage level tester for measuring a voltage across the battery at the end of the given time interval, a counter for performing an incremental count of occasions on which the voltage is below a given level, and an alarm unit for providing a warning signal when the incremental count is greater than a given number.

Abstract: A device for warning of deterioration of a starter mechanism in which a motor is powered by a battery to start a combustion engine. The device includes a timer responsive to activation of the starter mechanism to time a given time interval, a voltage level tester for measuring a voltage across the battery at the end of the given time interval, a counter for maintaining an incremental count of occasions on which the voltage is below a given level, and an alarm unit for providing a warning signal when the incremental count exceeds a given number. In a preferred embodiment, the voltage level tester measures the voltage across the battery continuously, and the timer identifies activation of the starter mechanism by a corresponding sudden drop in voltage across the battery.

Abstract: A device for warning when a person is submerged beneath water, comprising a timing circuit having first and second terminals and being responsive to a voltage applied to the first terminal for connecting the second terminal to the first terminal after a predetermined time interval and an alarm unit connected to the second terminal of the timing circuit. A normally open water-sensitive switch is provided for attaching to a part of the person's body which is normally above water and is coupled to the first terminal of the timing circuit. An electrical supply is coupled to the water-sensitive switch for applying the required voltage to the first terminal of the timing circuit when the water-sensitive switch is submerged beneath water. A normally deflated float may be worn by the person so as to be automatically inflated in response to the alarm signal.