Abstract: An optical apparatus and device for integrated opto-electronic platforms to manipulate and control guided modes using electro-optic effects in an electromagnetic waveguide. The electromagnetic waveguide comprises a first semiconductor layer, an electro-optical material layer, a metal layer adjacent to the electro-optical material layer, and a second semiconductor layer. The optical apparatus is configured to transfer light in the electro-optical material layer, the electromagnetic waveguide is configured to create coupled plasmonic modes in the electro-optical material layer, and the electro-optical material layer is configured to modulate the light based on a voltage applied across a thickness of the electro-optical material layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and methods for achieving phase-matching between various waves and/or modes by operation of a waveguide. Phase-matching between interacting waves is achieved by total internal reflection and transverse Bragg reflection waveguides. Using second harmonic generation in GaAs/AlGaAs as an example, properties are investigated and quantified such as nonlinear coupling efficiency, bandwidth, tunability, and limitations due to dispersion. The technique is advantageous when compared to alternate technologies, where it is particularly attractive as a material independent means to obtain ultra-low-loss nonlinear optical elements for monolithic integration with coherent light source and other active devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and methods for achieving phase-matching between various waves and/or modes by operation of a waveguide. Phase-matching between interacting waves is achieved by total internal reflection and transverse Bragg reflection waveguides. Using second harmonic generation in GaAs/AlGaAs as an example, properties are investigated and quantified such as nonlinear coupling efficiency, bandwidth, tunability, and limitations due to dispersion. The technique is advantageous when compared to alternate technologies, where it is particularly attractive as a material independent means to obtain ultra-low-loss nonlinear optical elements for monolithic integration with coherent light source and other active devices.