Abstract: Catalysts comprising a Ta layer having an outer layer with a layer comprising Pt directly thereon, wherein the Ta layer has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 30 nanometers, wherein the layer comprising Pt has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 50 nanometers, and wherein the Pt and Ta are present in an atomic ratio in a range from 0.01:1 to 10:1. Catalyst described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Nanoporous oxygen reduction catalyst material comprising PtNiIr. The nanoporous oxygen reduction catalyst material is useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Catalyst comprising a first layer having an outer layer with a layer comprising Pt directly thereon, wherein the first layer has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 30 nanometers, and wherein the layer. Catalysts described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Catalysts comprising nanostructured elements comprising microstructured whiskers having an outer surface at least partially covered by a catalyst material comprising at least 90 atomic percent collectively Pt, Ni, and Cr, wherein the Pt is present in a range from 32.4 to 35.8 atomic percent, the Ni is present in a range from 57.7 to 63.7 atomic percent, and the Cr is present in a range from 0.5 to 10.0 atomic percent, and wherein the total atomic percent of Pt, Ni, and Cr equals 100. Catalyst described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Nanoporous oxygen reduction catalyst material comprising PtNiIr. The nanoporous oxygen reduction catalyst material is useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Catalyst material comprising nanoparticles dispersed within a metal oxide layer, the metal oxide layer comprises metal oxide comprising at least one metal cation, wherein the nanoparticles comprise Pt, wherein the nanoparticles comprise less than 10 atom % of oxygen, and wherein the metal oxide layer has an average thickness not greater than 50 nanometers. The catalyst material comprising nanoparticles dispersed within a metal oxide layer can be converted, for example, to nanoporous catalyst layer comprising nanoparticles fused together, wherein the nanoparticles comprise Pt, wherein the nanoparticles comprise less than 10 atom % of oxygen, and wherein the layer has an average thickness not greater than 50 nanometers. The nanoporous catalyst layer is useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Nanoporous oxygen reduction catalyst material comprising PtNiIr, the catalyst material preferably having the formula PtxNiyIrz, wherein x is in a range from 26.6 to 47.8, y is in a range from 48.7 to 70, and z is in a range from 1 to 11.4. The nanoporous oxygen reduction catalyst material is useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Catalyst comprising an Ir layer having an outer layer with a layer comprising Pt directly thereon, wherein the Ir layer has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 30 nanometers, wherein the layer comprising Pt has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 50 nanometers, and wherein the Pt and Ir are present in an atomic ratio in a range from 0.01:1 to 10:1. Catalysts described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Nanoporous oxygen reduction catalyst material comprising PtNiAu. The nanoporous oxygen reduction catalyst material is useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Catalysts comprising nanostructured elements comprising microstructured whiskers having an outer surface at least partially covered by a catalyst material having the formula PtxNiyAuz, wherein x is in a range from 27.3 to 29.9, y is in a range from 63.0 to 70.0, and z is in a range from 0.1 to 9.6. Catalyst described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Catalysts comprising a Ta layer having an outer layer with a layer comprising Pt directly thereon, wherein the Ta layer has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 30 nanometers, wherein the layer comprising Pt has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 50 nanometers, and wherein the Pt and Ta are present in an atomic ratio in a range from 0.01:1 to 10:1. Catalyst described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Catalyst comprising a first layer having an outer layer with a layer comprising Pt directly thereon, wherein the first layer has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 30 nanometers, and wherein the layer. Catalysts described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Catalysts comprising nanostmctured elements comprising microstructured whiskers having an outer surface at least partially covered by a catalyst material comprising at least 90 atomic percent collectively Pt, Ni, and Ru, wherein the Pt is present in a range from 33.9 to 35.9 atomic percent, the Ni is present in a range from 60.3 to 63.9 atomic percent, and the Ru is present in a range from 0.5 to 9.9 atomic percent and wherein the total atomic percent of Pt, Ni, and Ru equals 100. Catalyst described herein are useful, 0 for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Catalysts comprising nanostructured elements comprising microstructured whiskers having an outer surface at least partially covered by a catalyst material comprising at least 90 atomic percent collectively Pt, Ni, and Cr, wherein the Pt is present in a range from 32.4 to 35.8 atomic percent, the Ni is present in a range from 57.7 to 63.7 atomic percent, and the Cr is present in a range from 0.5 to 10.0 atomic percent, and wherein the total atomic percent of Pt, Ni, and Cr equals 100. Catalyst described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Catalysts comprising nanostructured elements comprising microstructured whiskers having an outer surface at least partially covered by a catalyst material comprising at least 90 atomic percent collectively Pt, Ni, and Ta, wherein the Pt is present in a range from 32.0 to 35.7 atomic percent, the Ni is present in a range from 57.2 to 64.0 atomic percent, and the Ta is present in a range from 0.26 to 10.8 atomic percent, and wherein the total atomic percent of Pt, Ni, and Ta equals 100. Catalyst described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Described herein is a plurality of acicular particles dispersed with ionomer binder, solvent, and a plurality of carbon particles in a composition. The acicular particles comprise a microstructured core with a layer of catalytic material on at least one portion of the surface of the microstructured core. The catalytic material comprises (i) platinum and/or (ii) at least one of iridium and ruthenium and the microstructured core comprises at least one of a polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon and heterocyclic compounds.

Abstract: Nanoporous oxygen reduction catalyst material comprising PtNiIr, the catalyst material preferably having the formula PtxNiyIrz, wherein x is in a range from 26.6 to 47.8, y is in a range from 48.7 to 70, and z is in a range from 1 to 11.4. The nanoporous oxygen reduction catalyst material is useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Catalyst (100) comprising nanostructured elements (102) comprising microstructured whiskers (104) having an outer surface (105) at least partially covered by a catalyst material (106) having the formula PtxNiyIrz, wherein x is in a range from 26.6 to 47.8, y is in a range from 48.7 to 70, and z is in a range from 1 to 11.4. Catalysts described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Catalysts comprising nanostructured elements comprising microstructured whiskers having an outer surface at least partially covered by a catalyst material having the formula PtxNiyAuz, wherein x is in a range from 27.3 to 29.9, y is in a range from 63.0 to 70.0, and z is in a range from 0.1 to 9.6. Catalyst described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Nanoporous oxygen reduction catalyst material comprising PtNiAu. The nanoporous oxygen reduction catalyst material is useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.