Abstract: A structure includes a high-strength nanowire core with a first electrically-conductive metal layer bonded to an outer surface thereof. An insulating layer is bonded to an outer surface of the first electrically-conductive metal layer, and a second electrically-conductive metal layer is bonded to an outer surface of the insulating layer. The nanowires are braided into a litz bundle, which reduces electrical losses during transmission of high-frequency current.

Abstract: An ultra-low noise sensor for magnetic fields comprises a mechanically resonant structure having a magnetized proof mass. The displacement of the proof mass due to a magnetic field provides a high resolution and highly amplified measurement of magnetic field fluctuations near the resonance frequency. A flux modulator may be used with the resonant structure to amplify magnetic fluctuations in a non-resonant frequency band. The resonant structure, combined with a high resolution readout device and a frequency-compensating numerical processor, can amplify magnetic fluctuations in a broad range of frequencies. A solenoid coil surrounding the resonant structure may be used to null the quasi-static earth's magnetic field and thereby increase the dynamic range of the sensor. Cryogenically cooling the resonant structure can improve the resolution of the sensor. A magnetometer that embodies features of the present invention is miniaturized and has improved amplification and resolution at room temperature.

Abstract: Phase change materials such as correlated oxides (e.g., such as NbO2, V2O3 and VO2) enable wide tuning of dielectric properties via control of temperature, electric fields, optical fields or disorder. The distinct dielectric states can be volatile or non-volatile depending on how the phase is created. Possible fabrication techniques for oxide and insulating matrix composites may include sequential/co-deposition routes as well as local controlled disorder. By combining the distinct insulating and metallic states in these systems and by control of the ground state via induced defects, artificial electronic composites, whose properties can be tuned, could be manufactured. The composites can be integral components of coplanar waveguide devices and microwave switches. More broadly, tunable electronic composites using oxide systems that undergo insulator-metal transitions may have wide usage in frequency tunable devices, including microwave devices.