Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the generation of tunable coloration and/or interference from, for example, surfaces, emulsion droplets and particles. Embodiments described herein may be useful for generation of tunable electromagnetic radiation such as coloration (e.g., iridescence, structural color) and/or interference patterns from, for example, surfaces (e.g., comprising a plurality of microdomes and/or microwells), emulsion droplets and/or particles. In some embodiments, the surfaces, interfaces, droplets, and/or particles produce visible color (e.g., structural color) without the need for dyes.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of forming substrates which exhibit an interference pattern (e.g., structural color) upon reflection of incident electromagnetic radiation. Provided herein are methods for creating iridescent structural color with large angular spectral separation. The effect can be generated at interfaces with dimensions that are orders of magnitude larger than the wavelength of visible light. The structural color results from light interacting with the geometrical structure of an interface (e.g., a hemispheric/dome-shaped interface between two materials having different refractive indices) in a way that causes light interference. The structural color observed when viewing the surface depends upon the angle of the viewer as well as the angle of the light incident to the surface.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the generation of tunable coloration and/or interference from, for example, surfaces, emulsion droplets and particles. Embodiments described herein may be useful for generation of tunable electromagnetic radiation such as coloration (e.g., iridescence, structural color) and/or interference patterns from, for example, surfaces (e.g., comprising a plurality of microdomes and/or microwells), emulsion droplets and/or particles. In some embodiments, the surfaces, interfaces, droplets, and/or particles produce visible color (e.g., structural color) without the need for dyes.