Abstract: A data lines driver includes a digital to analog converter configured to generate a normal data voltage based on a data signal, a buffer configured to buffer the normal data voltage and a power-on/reset part configured to generate an initial data voltage varying according to time and to selectively output either the initial data voltage or the normal data voltage.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for determining a context model for entropy encoding and decoding of a transformation coefficient. According to the method and apparatus, a context set index ctxset is obtained based on color component information of a transformation unit, a location of a current subset, and whether there is a significant transformation coefficient having a value greater than a first critical value in a previous subset, and a context offset c1 is obtained based on a length of a previous transformation coefficient having consecutive 1s. Also, a context index ctxids for entropy encoding and decoding of a first critical value flag is determined based on the obtained context set index and the context offset.

Abstract: A method of operating an electronic device is provided. The method includes determining whether a specific event has occurred, when the specific event has occurred, determining whether a battery level is less than a set level, and when the battery level is less than the set level, changing a path of an electric current introduced from a power supply from a first path to a second path.

Abstract: A cutlery basket and a dish washing machine having the same includes one or more distribution units contained in the cutlery basket, so that a plurality of cutlery utensils can be uniformly arranged without overlapping, resulting in increased washing efficiency.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus for optical wavelength selective switching. One 2×2 wavelength selective switch array includes a plurality of optical input ports configured to receive one or more optical input beams, and a plurality of optical output ports configured to receive one or more one or more optical output beams wherein the plurality of optical input ports and optical output ports form an array of 2×2 optical port pairs; one or more optical conditioning and wavelength dispersion elements; a polarization modulator array having a plurality of polarizing modulation cells, each cell configured to independently change a polarization orientation of an optical beam passing through the cell and associated with a particular wavelength channel; and a polarization-selective beam-routing optical element configured to route each particular input beam to either a first output port or a second output port according to polarization orientation.

Abstract: A solar cell and a method for manufacturing the same are discussed. The method for manufacturing the solar cell includes forming an amorphous silicon layer on a back surface of a crystalline semiconductor substrate containing impurities of a first conductive type, performing a first diffusion process for diffusing impurities of a second conductive type opposite the first conductive type into a portion of the amorphous silicon layer to form an emitter region, and performing a second diffusion process for diffusing impurities of the first conductive type into a remaining portion except the portion of the amorphous silicon layer having the impurities of the second conductive type to form a back surface field region. When at least one of the first diffusion process and the second diffusion process is performed, the amorphous silicon layer is crystallized to form a silicon layer.

Abstract: A wireless power receiver includes a coil to receive the power; and a magnet to generate an intensity of a magnetic flux density sensed by a sensor of the wireless power transmitter. The coil has an empty central region. The magnet is disposed in the empty central region of the coil. The magnet includes an electric steel sheet.

Abstract: A device and method for detecting a vulnerability attack in a program, includes a hooking processing unit that suspends execution of a process by hooking a function when the process is executed and calls the function to perform a specific task; an information collecting unit that collects and outputs information about call stack return address by checking a call stack of the function hooked by the hooking processing unit; and an information determining unit that detects a malicious behavior by analyzing the call stack return address information output from the information collecting unit. The device and method for detecting a vulnerability attack in a program may prevent execution of a malicious code by detecting erroneous access or code execution in a whole area of memory.

Abstract: A card connector assembly includes a card connector and a pick-up cap attached to the card connector. The card connector includes an insulating housing and a plurality of conductive terminals The insulating housing has a base portion, a mating frame and a mating cavity formed in the mating frame. The conductive terminals have contacting sections and soldering sections. The pick-up cap has an adsorption portion and a retaining plate extending downwardly from a middle area of the adsorption portion and inserted into the mating cavity. The retaining plate has an interference portion protruding out of the retaining portion to abut against an inner surface of the mating frame.

Abstract: A method of representing a 3D video from a 2D video by use of a node-based task pipeline for 3D video representation, the method implementable by a computer and including generating nodes, each having a defined task sequence required for a 3D video representation, in a node connecting task section provided to a Graphic User Interface (GUI), generating a task pipeline defining a connectivity relationship between the generated nodes, providing a user interface that is configured to operate user-defined data that is to be used by a certain node of the task pipeline, and generating user-defined data based on a user input that is input through the user interface, and outputting a 3D video from an input 2D video by use of the task pipeline and the user-defined data.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices are provided. The semiconductor devices may include an isolation pattern and first, second, and third active regions of a substrate. The first active region may be spaced apart from the second active region by a first width of the isolation pattern in a direction. A gate structure may be between the first and second active regions and may include a second width wider than the first width of the isolation pattern in the direction. Related methods of forming semiconductor devices are also provided.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a non-firing type electrode comprising steps of: (A) applying on a substrate a conductive paste comprising, (a) a conductive powder comprising, (i) a first conductive powder having Young's modulus of 60×109 Pa or higher; and (ii) a second conductive powder having Young's modulus of 5×109 to 50×109 Pa; and (b) an organic vehicle, (B) heating the applied conductive paste at 50 to 350° C. to form an electrode; and (C) pressing the electrode at 10 to 1000 kN/m2 of plane surface pressure or at 5 to 300 kN/m of linear pressure.

Abstract: Embodiments of mechanisms for forming a micro-electro mechanical system (MEMS) device are provided. The MEMS device includes a substrate and a MEMS substrate disposed on the substrate. The MEMS substrate includes a movable element, a fixed element and at least a spring connected to the movable element and the fixed element. The MEMS device also includes a polysilicon layer on the movable element.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a copper organic metal, a method for preparing a copper organic metal and a copper paste. The copper organic metal is constituted to combine a copper atom, [R—CO2] and amine based ligand (L), thereby making it possible to be subjected to a low temperature sintering process and having an improved conductivity at the time of forming a conductive pattern as compared to the related art.

Abstract: An exemplary electronic device includes a shell, a sliding member movably received in the shell, and a movement driver. The driving mechanism includes a link lever, a pusher and a position stopper. The position stopper is located to a rear end of the link lever, and the pusher is latched by the position stopper when the sliding member is received in the shell. The link lever controls the position stopper to release the pusher, and the pusher ejects the sliding member out from the shell.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for the transmission of physical downlink control signaling. In one method, a User Equipment (UE) receives information associated with a physical resource block (PRB) for enhanced physical downlink control channel (EPDCCH) from a base station. Based on either first information received on physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH) or second information received on higher layer signaling, the UE determines a starting orthogonal frequency division multiple (OFDM) symbol on which EPDCCH transmission starts. The UE receives control information on the EPDDCH based on the information associated with the PRB and the determined starting OFDM symbol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anti-inflammatory use of macrolactin compounds such as macrolactin A, 7-O-malonyl macrolactin A and 7-O-succinyl macrolactin A, which are produced from a novel Bacillus strain of Bacillus polyfermenticus KJS-2 (KCCM10769P). The macrolactin compounds provided by the present invention were confirmed to greatly suppress the expression and formation of inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) which are proteins related to the formation of inflammatory mediators, and to accordingly inhibit the formation of nitric oxide (NO) and of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) which are the metabolites of the proteins. In addition, the macrolactin compounds provided by the present invention were confirmed to have excellent effects in inhibiting the formation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?), interleukin-1? (IL-1?), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which are pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Abstract: A display substrate includes a substrate, a switching element, a pixel electrode, and a light sensing part. The switching element is disposed on the substrate and is electrically connected to a gate line and a data line. The pixel electrode is electrically connected to the switching element. The light sensing part is electrically connected to the switching element and the pixel electrode, and is configured to control a grayscale of a pixel according to a brightness of an external light. The pixel includes the pixel electrode.