Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for the production of conjugated polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), preferably conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), using finely dispersed heterogeneous metal catalysts on a mesoporous support, in the absence of Hg. The present invention also relates to a method to increase the large microporosity and (optionally) the small mesoporosity of a zeolite, thus obtaining a modified zeolite having a large and highly accessible internal surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for the production of conjugated polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), preferably conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), using finely dispersed heterogeneous metal catalysts on a mesoporous support, in the absence of Hg. The present invention also relates to a method to increase the large microporosity and (optionally) the small mesoporosity of a zeolite, thus obtaining a modified zeolite having a large and highly accessible internal surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for modifying a molecular sieve, whereby the molecular sieve is brought into contact with a modifying agent containing at least one weak acid, a salt of a weak acid or a derivative of a weak acid of at least one element of Groups III, IV or V of the Periodic Table of Elements, by dry mixing the molecular sieve and the modifying agent, optionally followed by adding liquid to form a slurry or paste, whereafter the resulting mixture is subjected to a thermal treatment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the separation of at least one gas from a mixture containing at least two gases, which process comprises contacting a pore containing molecular sieve with the mixture of gaseous components, selectively adsorbing at least one component of the mixture in the pores of the molecular sieve, separating the molecular sieve from the non-adsorbed component or components and optionally desorbing the adsorbed component or components, the molecular sieve having been modified with a modifying agent containing at least one weak acid, a salt of a weak acid, or a derivative of a weak acid of at least one element of the Groups III, IV and V of the Periodic Table of Elements.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## are useful as stabilizers in photographic materials.

Abstract: Fine-grain silver halide emulsions of the Lippmann-type are described which comprise derivatives of heterocyclic mercaptans corresponding to the formulae: ##STR1## wherein: each of Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 represents the atoms necessary to complete a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring system,n is 0 or 1,X is --CO-- or --CS--,R is an alkyl group or an aryl group, andY is --CO--, --COO--, --CS--, --SO.sub.2 --, --CON(R.sub.1)-- or --CSN(R.sub.1)--, R.sub.1 being hydrogen, alkyl or aryl.Both in reversal and negative processing sharpness of fine detail is improved and the distortion of image-details is reduced. Upon reversal processing yellow staining is also reduced.

Abstract: A method is described of making reversal images in Lippmann-emulsions wherein the emulsion is image-wise exposed and subjected to a first stage development so that a negative silver image of the original is formed but some silver halide is left in the exposed areas, and then to a second stage development under fogging conditions to develop said residual silver halide in the exposed areas, whereafter the silver developed in said first and second development stages is bleached and the active silver halide then still remaining in the emulsion is converted to form a positive image.

Abstract: A method for producing photographic images by development of an exposed silver halide element at elevated temperature is provided wherein the development occurs in the presence of a non-quaternary, non-heterocyclic nitrobenzene compound of the formula: ##STR1## WHEREIN: (R).sub.n stands for one or more substituents selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, alkylmercapto, substituted alkylmercapto, amino, substituted amino, aryl, substituted aryl, hydroxy, nitro, cyano, sulpho or carboxy in acid or salt form, alkoxycarbonyl and an acyl group derived from a carboxylic or sulphonic acid.The nitrobenzene compounds have a favorable effect on the sensitometric properties of the silver halide emulsion that are developed at elevated temperature. They reduce the supplemental fog produced by development at elevated temperature.

Abstract: A photographic material is described for making positive images by reversal processing, the material comprising a support and a silver halide Lippmann-emulsion layer the average silver halide grain-size of which is less than 100 nm wherein the grains have been chemically sensitized to fog so that a test portion of the emulsion when coated on a support at a coverage of silver halide corresponding to from about 3 g to about 7 g of silver nitrate per sq.m. gives a density between about 0.20 and about 0.70 upon development without exposure for 6 min at 20.degree. C in a developer of the composition:Hydroquinone: 16.5 gPotassium bromide: 1.7 gSodium salt of EDTA: 1.7 gPotassium metabisulphite: 40 g1-phenyl-5-mercaptotetrazole: 35 gSodium hydroxide and water to make: 1 liter at pH 11.

Abstract: Reduction and gold fogged Lippmann emulsions are described wherein the emulsion is fogged with from 0.07 to 0.5 milliequivalents of reduction fogging agent and from 0.01 to 0.1 millimole of gold fogging agent per mole of silver halide and the emulsion comprises more than 2 g and at most 10 g of electron acceptor(s) per mole of silver halide.

Abstract: A method of developing an exposed lith-type silver halide emulsion is described wherein development takes place in the presence of a sulphonium compound corresponding to the formula: ##STR1## wherein: EACH OF X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 represents an alkyl group at least one of which carries a hydroxy, carboxy, sulpho or cyano group,R represents an alkyl group, an aryl group or the group ##STR2## wherein A is a divalent organic group, or R may represent hydrogen when both X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are hydroxyalkyl,n is an integer of at least 1 when the compound is a disulphonium compound and is an integer of at least 2 when the compound is a monosulphonium compound, andZ is an anion but does not exist when one of X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 itself contains an anionic group.

Abstract: A process is described of improving the development characteristics of photographic silver halide elements by the use of compounds corresponding to the formula:RO(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n (CO).sub.m Awherein:R represents hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl or (--CO).sub.m --A,n is an integer of at least 4,m is 0 or 1, andA represents, when m is O, sulphoalkyl, carboxyalkyl, or sulphoalkoxycarbonylalkyl, and when m is 1, carboxyalkyl, sulphoalkoxycarbonylalkyl, carboxyalkenyl, sulphoalkoxycarbonylalkenyl, carboxyphenyl, sulphoalkoxycarbonylphenyl or sulphophenyl,The aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having at most 4C-atoms and the carboxyl and sulpho groups being in acid or salt form. The polyethylene glycol derivatives increase developability and sensitivity of black-and-white as well as colour emulsions. They also improve lith-development of photographic "lith"-emulsions.