Abstract: In some embodiments, a patterned photomask has a plurality of shielding layers. In some embodiments, a photomask for mask patterning is described. The photomask includes a phase shift layer overlying a transparent layer. The photomask also includes a first shielding layer overlying the phase shift layer. The first shielding layer has a first thickness and a first optical density. The photomask further includes a second shielding layer overlying the first shielding layer. The second shielding layer has a second thickness and a second optical density. The second thickness is less that than the first thickness and the second optical density is less than the first optical density.

Abstract: Synthesizing bio-plasticizers with acidic ionic liquids as catalysts. The acidic ionic liquids are Bronsted acidic ionic liquids, which are composed of alkyl sulfone pyridinium and strong Bronsted acid. Epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters could be obtained via epoxidation of fatty acid alkyl esters using the acidic ionic liquids as catalysts. The epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters perform well as bio-plasticizers, which could be substituted for phthalate ester plasticizers. The acidic ionic liquids catalysts provide good catalytic performance, are easy to separate, reusable, and may reduce corrosion of pipelines.

Abstract: A line synchronization method in an overlapped spectrum duplex OSD system having K pairs of communications lines. Each pair of communications lines includes an uplink and a downlink. The method includes synchronizing downstream synchronization symbols of downlinks in all of the pairs of communications lines, and separately synchronizing an upstream synchronization symbol of an uplink of each pair of communications lines with a downstream synchronization symbol of a downlink of each pair of communications lines. The method may be applied to crosstalk channel estimation to distinguish NEXT and FEXT crosstalk channels when upstream and downstream spectrums are overlapped.

Abstract: Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a lethal complication of allograft transplantation. The current strategy of using immunosuppressive agents to control GVHD may cause general immune suppression and limit the effectiveness of allograft transplantation. Adoptive transfer of regulatory T cells (Treg) can prevent GVHD in rodents, indicating the therapeutic potential of Treg for GVHD in humans. However, the clinical application of Treg-based therapy is hampered by the low frequency of human Treg and the lack of a reliable model to test their therapeutic effects in vivo. Human alloantigen-specific Treg are generated from antigenically-naïve precursors in a large scale ex vivo using allogeneic activated B cells as stimulators. Here, a human allogeneic GVHD model is established in humanized mice to mimic GVHD after allograft transplantation in humans.

Abstract: An electrodeposited nano-twins copper layer, a method of fabricating the same, and a substrate comprising the same are disclosed. According to the present invention, at least 50% in volume of the electrodeposited nano-twins copper layer comprises plural grains adjacent to each other, wherein the said grains are made of stacked twins, the angle of the stacking directions of the nano-twins between one grain and the neighboring grain is between 0 to 20 degrees. The electrodeposited nano-twins copper layer of the present invention is highly reliable with excellent electro-migration resistance, hardness, and Young's modulus. Its manufacturing method is also fully compatible to semiconductor process.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods for treating hair, which are particularly useful for repairing, strengthening, and protecting hair from damage. The methods include applying to the hair each of the following components, together, separately, or in any combination thereof, in one or more hair-treatment compositions: (a) at least one amino acid or amino sulfonic acid, and/or a salt thereof, which is present in at least one of the one or more hair-treatment compositions in an amount of at least 0.5 wt. %; (b) at least one non-polymeric mono, di, or tricarboxylic acid, and/or a salt thereof, which is present in at least one of the one or more hair-treatment compositions in an amount of at least 0.5 wt. %; and (c) at least one non-taurate surfactant, which is present in at least one of the one or more hair-treatment compositions. Hair treated with the methods exhibit desirable cosmetic properties such as smoothness, gloss, improved combability, and improved strength and elasticity.

Abstract: Methods for label-free characterization of untagged molecules within a biological sample in-situ. The untagged molecules may be constituent of extracellular vesicles, and are excited in the biological sample with at least one wavelength band of light derived from a single stream of optical pulses. Light emitted by the untagged molecules by SHG, THG, 2PAF and 3PAF processes is detected. Separate measures of the biological sample corresponding to light emitted by the untagged molecules in each of the SHG, THG, 2PAF and 3PAF processes are derived. On that basis, normal extracellular vesicles may be differentiated from extracellular vesicles associated with a tumor on the basis of a specified signature of characteristics of images of SHG, THG, 2PAF and 3PAF processes.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a light emitting device that includes an elongated package defining a plurality of recesses and a plurality of light emitting units to be disposed in the recesses. The package includes at least three electrodes and a molded body. At least one light emitting unit is disposed in each recess. The molded body has at least one dividing portion separating two adjacent recesses. The dividing portion partially covers the electrode shared by the light emitting diodes respectively disposed in two adjacent recesses.

Abstract: Provided are an emulsifiable isocyanate composition and a preparation method therefor. The emulsifiable isocyanate composition comprises the following components: (a) a polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate, (b) an emulsifier, (c) an adduct derived from a diisocyanate, and optionally (d) a terpene monomer. The emulsifiable isocyanate composition is used in artificial board adhesives, and has a smaller mold cumulative effect, an improved demoulding performance and an extended pot life.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to hair-treatment compositions, which are particularly useful for repairing, strengthening, and protecting hair from damage. The hair-treatment composition include at least 0.5 wt. % of at least one amino acid or amino sulfonic acid, and/or a salt thereof, and optionally, at least 0.5 wt. % of at least one non-polymeric mono, di, or tricarboxylic acid, and/or a salt thereof. Additional components such as surfactants and water may also be included. The unique components of the hair-treatment compositions restructure the hair fibers and result in the hair exhibiting improved properties such as increased hair fiber strength, better discipline, and more curl definition.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to kits and methods for treating hair. The kits and methods incorporate each of the following components, together, separately, or in any combination thereof, in one or more hair-treatment compositions, provided that each individual component is included in a hair-treatment composition of the kit or method: (a) at least one amino acid or amino sulfonic acid, and/or a salt thereof, which is present in at least one of the one or more hair-treatment compositions in an amount of at least 0.5 wt. %; (b) a first non-polymeric mono, di, or tricarboxylic acid, and/or a salt thereof, which is present in at least one of the one or more hair-treatment compositions in an amount of at least 0.5 wt. %; (c) a second non-polymeric mono, di, or tricarboxylic acid, and/or a salt thereof, which is present in at least one of the one or more hair-treatment composition in an amount of at least 0.5 wt.

Abstract: A mask includes a transparent substrate, a first pattern, a second pattern, and a sub-resolution auxiliary feature. The first pattern and the second pattern are over the transparent substrate. The first pattern has an area of 0.16 ?m2 to 60000 ?m2. The second pattern has an area of 0.16 ?m2 to 60000 ?m2. The sub-resolution auxiliary feature is over the transparent substrate and connects the first pattern and the second pattern.

Abstract: A liner assembly for a combustor of a gas turbine engine according to one disclosed non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure includes a grommet with a multiple of grommet cooling passages.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a combination for inhibiting or removing biofouling and a method for inhibiting biofouling growth or removing biofouling. This disclosure also relates to a combination including halogen-type oxidizers, sulfur-containing compounds, and ammonium salts and/or urea. Also disclosed are methods for inhibiting the biofouling growth in a reverse osmosis membrane separation device or nanofiltration membrane separation device or removing the biofouling in a reverse osmosis membrane separation device or nanofiltration membrane separation device.

Abstract: A light-emitting device is provided. The light-emitting device comprises a substrate; a semiconductor stack on the substrate comprising a first region and a second region; a first trench extending from the semiconductor stack to the substrate to expose a surface of the substrate and separating the first region from the second region; and a first electrode comprising a first pad on the first region and a first extending electrode connecting to the first pad, wherein the first extending electrode is across the first trench.

Abstract: A particulate, modified release barrier coated drug-cation exchange resin complex comprising a core composed of a drug complexed with a pharmaceutically acceptable ion-exchange resin is provided. Methods of making and products containing this coated complex are described.

Abstract: A platform-level container configured to hold natively-supported ink stroke data structures is maintained. The platform-level container is accessible to a plurality of different applications. An ink stroke visual corresponding to each ink stroke data structure held by the platform-level container is rendered via a display. An ink stroke change event corresponding to an ink stroke data structure held by the platform-level container is recognized. The ink stroke data structure is changed to an updated ink stroke data structure in accordance with the ink stroke change event. An ink stroke visual corresponding to the updated ink stroke data structure is rendered via the display without re-rendering ink stroke visuals corresponding to unchanged ink stroke data structures.

Abstract: A package structure of a long-distance sensor includes a substrate, a light-emitting chip, a sensing chip, two packaging gel bodies, a cap, and two sheltering devices. The substrate has a bearing surface. The light-emitting chip and the sensing chip are disposed on the bearing surface and separated from each other. The two packaging gel bodies cover the light-emitting chip and the sensing chip respectively. The top surface of each of the packaging gel bodies is formed with a lens portion and a shoulder portion. The cap is formed on the bearing surface and the packaging gel bodies and provided with a light-emitting hole and a light-receiving hole accommodating the lens portions and the shoulder portions of the top surfaces of the packaging gel bodies respectively. The two sheltering devices are disposed on the shoulder portions respectively for blocking light from passing through the shoulder portions.

Abstract: Improved methods of synthesizing 6-aryl-4-aminopicolinates, such as arylalkyl and alkyl 4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridine-2-carboxylates and arylalkyl and alkyl 4-amino-3-chloro-5-fluoro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridine-2-carboxylates, are described herein. The improved methods include a direct Suzuki coupling step, which eliminates the protection/de-protection steps in the current chemical process, and therefore eliminates or reduces various raw materials, equipment and cycle time as well as modification of other process conditions including use of crude AP, use of ABA-diMe, and varying pH, catalyst concentration, solvent composition, and/or workup procedures. This invention was expanded to include synthesis of 2-aryl-6-aminopyrimidine-4-carboxylates.

Abstract: An integrated circuit structure includes a package component, which further includes a non-porous dielectric layer having a first porosity, and a porous dielectric layer over and contacting the non-porous dielectric layer, wherein the porous dielectric layer has a second porosity higher than the first porosity. A bond pad penetrates through the non-porous dielectric layer and the porous dielectric layer. A dielectric barrier layer is overlying, and in contact with, the porous dielectric layer. The bond pad is exposed through the dielectric barrier layer. The dielectric barrier layer has a planar top surface. The bond pad has a planar top surface higher than a bottom surface of the dielectric barrier layer.