Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods of preparing a solid-state polymer matrix electrolyte (PME) and methods for preparing a PME precursor solution for forming the PME for use in battery technologies.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods of preparing a solid-state polymer matrix electrolyte (PME) and methods for preparing a PME precursor solution for forming the PME for use in battery technologies.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium battery is provided. The battery includes an anode comprising a polymer-matrix electrolyte (PME) and an anode active material, a cathode comprising a PME and a cathode active material and a PME comprising an electrolyte polymer, a lithium salt and an electrolyte solvent. The PME is positioned between the anode and the cathode and directly contacts the anode and cathode to form a battery cell. The polymer-matrix electrolyte interpenetrates into the adjacent anode and cathode to form an integral structure.

Abstract: Provided herein is a high-volume continuous roll-to-roll method for manufacturing dimensionally stable, large format, high performance solid batteries using high lithium-ion conducting polymer matrix electrolyte (PME). The batteries can include a cathode layer sandwich with a thin contiguous PME layer across the anode and a high conducting PME in both the anode and cathode structures. The batteries can also retain a thin PME layer that functions as solid-state electrolyte between the cathode and anode thus maintaining continuity among the layers, resulting in minimal interface resistance and stronger structural integrity.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods of preparing a solid-state polymer matrix electrolyte (PME) and methods for preparing a PME precursor solution for forming the PME for use in battery technologies.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium battery is provided. The battery includes an anode comprising an anode binder polymer and an anode active material, a cathode comprising a cathode binder polymer and a cathode active material and a polymer-matrix electrolyte (PME) comprising an electrolyte polymer, a lithium salt and an electrolyte solvent. The polymer-matrix electrolyte is positioned between the anode and the cathode and directly contacts the anode and cathode to form a battery cell. The polymer-matrix electrolyte interpenetrates into the adjacent anode and cathode to form an integral structure.

Abstract: A battery for use in various temperature environments includes a plurality of cells arranged in a close packing arrangement and a sleeve that is disposed around the cells. The sleeve is constructed from a material that acts as an insulator at relatively low temperatures and that acts as a conductor at relatively high temperatures.

Abstract: An improved lithium-ion or lithium-polymer battery that is capacity-fade resistant. The battery includes an anode comprised of graphite where density of the graphite is in a range from 1.2 to 1.5 g/c3; and the battery further has a cathode that is comprised of LiNiO2 present at a density in a range from 3.0 to 3.3 g/c3. The battery also includes an electrolyte and a separator between the anode and cathode, and the separator is coated with PVDF such that the anode, cathode, and separator are held together to form the electricity-producing battery. The ratio by weight of LiNiO2 to graphite present in the battery is preferably no greater than 2.0 to 1.

Abstract: A battery for use in various temperature environments includes a plurality of cells arranged in a close packing arrangement and a sleeve that is disposed around the cells. The sleeve is constructed from a material that acts as an insulator at relatively low temperatures and that acts as a conductor at relatively high temperatures.

Abstract: A lithium-ion battery having at least an anode that includes phenol formaldehyde in a range of 0.1% to 10% by weight as a binder material. The phenol formaldehyde, or a mixture of phenol formaldehyde with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), is used as a binding material in a Li-ion battery negative electrode to decrease the exothermic reaction of the battery during charging and discharging, which accordingly lessens the risk of thermal runaway and rupture of the battery.

Abstract: A lithium-ion battery having at least an anode that includes phenol formaldehyde in a range of 0.1% to 10% by weight as a binder material. The phenol formaldehyde, or a mixture of phenol formaldehyde with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), is used as a binding material in a Li-ion battery negative electrode to decrease the exothermic reaction of the battery during charging and discharging, which accordingly lessens the risk of thermal runaway and rupture of the battery.

Abstract: An improved lithium-ion or lithium-polymer battery that is capacity-fade resistant. The battery includes an anode comprised of graphite where density of the graphite is in a range from 1.2 to 1.5 g/c3; and the battery further has a cathode that is comprised of LiNiO2 present at a density in a range from 3.0 to 3.3 g/c3. The battery also includes an electrolyte and a separator between the anode and cathode, and the separator is coated with PVDF such that the anode, cathode, and separator are held together to form the electricity-producing battery. The ratio by weight of LiNiO2 to graphite present in the battery is preferably no greater than 2.0 to 1.

Abstract: Structures (1, 21, 41, 71, 161) of electrochemical cells and electrochemical cell components employ a switch-like article (10, 26, 48, 63, 65, 68, 76, 166) comprised of an electrically conducting material that becomes nonconductive or semiconductive outside of a discrete voltage window. Said switch-like article serves as a reversible, self-regulating electrochemical switch at boundary voltages, thereby protecting the cell against over-charge and or over-discharge, and can be employed in a variety of configurations to provide self-regulating cell architectures. Cell assemblies that include said switch-like articles may themselves serve an auxiliary function as switches for other cells placed in series or parallel, and for external circuits.

Abstract: A hybrid energy storage device (10) including first, second, and third electrodes (20, 25, 30), a first electrolyte (35) disposed between the first and second electrodes (20, 25), and a second electrolyte (40) disposed between the second and third electrode (25, 30). The first electrode (25), the first electrolyte (35), and the second electrode (25) form a battery, and the second electrode (25), the second electrolyte (40), and the third electrode (30) form a capacitor. The first and third electrodes (20, 30) are directly connected together so that the battery and capacitor are in parallel within the hybrid energy storage device (10).

Abstract: A method (50) of fabricating a carbon material for use as an electrode in an electrochemical cell (10) includes the steps of carbonizing (62, 66) a lignin material to result in the carbon material and subsequently washing (74) the carbon material with acid.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell 10 includes first and second electrodes 12 and 14 with an electrolyte system 26 disposed therebetween. The electrolyte system includes at least a first and second layer 28 and 30, the second or gelling layer 30 being used to absorb an electrolyte active species.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell (10) includes first and second electrodes (12) and (14) with an electrolyte system (26) disposed therebetween. The electrolyte system is fabricated of a blend of differing grades of a single polymer. One grade may be provided to, for example, absorb an electrolyte active species, while the second grade may be provided to enhance mechanical integrity of the system.

Abstract: A hybrid electrode for a high power, high energy, electrical storage device contains both a high-energy electrode material (42) and a high-rate electrode material (44). The two materials are deposited on a current collector (40), and the electrode is used to make an energy storage device that exhibits both the high-rate capability of a capacitor and the high energy capability of a battery. The two materials can be co-deposited on the current collector in a variety of ways, either in superimposed layers, adjacent layers, intermixed with each other or one material coating the other to form a mixture that is then deposited on the current collector.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell 22 comprises first and second electrode assemblies 10 and 24. Disposed between the electrode assemblies 10 and 24 is a layer of an electrolyte material 32. The electrode assemblies are adhered to the electrolyte layer by means of a adhesive layers 20 and 30 disposed between layers of electrode material 12 and 26 and the layer of electrolyte active material. The layer of adhesive material may be made of any of a number of materials, examples of which include polymers, epoxies, resins, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Electrodes for electrochemical capacitor are modified with a metal macrocyclic complex made up of phthalocyanine or porphyrin ligands bound to a transition metal to achieve improved conductivity, reversibility, and charge storage capacity. The electrode is formed from a metal base and coated with an oxide, nitride or carbide of a transition metal or with a conductive polymer. This coating is modified with the metal macrocyclic complex. Suitable metal macrocyclic complexes are iron phthalocyanine (FePc), iron meso-tetra(N-methyl-4-phenyl)porphyrin (FeTPP) or cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP).