Abstract: A semiconductor or other substrate can include one or more electrodes, located directly or indirectly on the substrate, separated from each other and coupled to the substrate. At the two or more electrodes, non-zero frequency time-varying electrical energy can be received. The time-varying electrical energy can be coupled via the two or more electrodes to trigger a displacement current to activate free carriers confined within the semiconductor substrate to generate frequency-controlled heat in the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: Localized heating can be provided using fixed-frequency planar transmission line resonators arranged along a main-line, and tuning an electromagnetic input signal frequency applied to the main line to selectively address and energize one or more planar resonators for also addressing and energizing one or more correspondingly located active substrate transducer heat sources for depositing heat in an adjacent active substrate. More generally, adjusting input signal frequency to select one or more planar resonators arranged along a main line can be used to selectively address and energize an electromagnetic-to-heat, an electromagnetic-to-vibration, or other transducer to controllably direct energy toward a desired transducer load.

Abstract: Localized heating can be provided using fixed-frequency planar transmission line resonators arranged along a main-line, and tuning an electromagnetic input signal frequency applied to the main line to selectively address and energize one or more planar resonators for also addressing and energizing one or more correspondingly located active substrate transducer heat sources for depositing heat in an adjacent active substrate. More generally, adjusting input signal frequency to select one or more planar resonators arranged along a main line can be used to selectively address and energize an electromagnetic-to-heat, an electromagnetic-to-vibration, or other transducer to controllably direct energy toward a desired transducer load.

Abstract: A biocompatible medical device can be at least partially implantable into a living human or animal subject to provide active treatment of biofilm that can occur use within the subject. The medical device can include a catheter, including an interior conduit capable of permitting fluid flow. A heating device can be located on a portion of the catheter to be located within the subject, the heating device including at least a pair of electrodes having a variable spacing therebetween, the variable spacing specified to allow heat to be generated using a time-varying electromagnetic input signal providing a variable frequency to control a variable location along the electrodes at which heat is generated, such as can provide a virtual matrix of local heat sources.

Abstract: A semiconductor or other substrate can include one or more electrodes, located directly or indirectly on the substrate, separated from each other and coupled to the substrate. At the two or more electrodes, non-zero frequency time-varying electrical energy can be received. The time-varying electrical energy can be coupled via the two or more electrodes to trigger a displacement current to activate free carriers confined within the semiconductor substrate to generate frequency-controlled heat in the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A semiconductor or other substrate can include one or more electrodes, located directly or indirectly on the substrate, separated from each other and coupled to the substrate. At the two or more electrodes, non-zero frequency time-varying electrical energy can be received. The time-varying electrical energy can be coupled via the two or more electrodes to trigger a displacement current to activate free carriers confined within the semiconductor substrate to generate frequency-controlled heat in the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A biocompatible medical device can be at least partially implantable into a living human or animal subject to provide active treatment of biofilm that can occur use within the subject. The medical device can include a catheter, including an interior conduit capable of permitting fluid flow. A heating device can be located on a portion of the catheter to be located within the subject, the heating device including at least a pair of electrodes having a variable spacing therebetween, the variable spacing specified to allow heat to be generated using a time-varying electromagnetic input signal providing a variable frequency to control a variable location along the electrodes at which heat is generated, such as can provide a virtual matrix of local heat sources.

Abstract: A semiconductor substrate can include two or more electrodes, located directly or indirectly on the semiconductor substrate, separated from each other and capacitively coupled to the semiconductor substrate. At the two or more electrodes, non-zero frequency time-varying electrical energy can be received. The time-varying electrical energy can be capacitively coupled via the two or more electrodes to trigger a displacement current to activate free carriers confined within the semiconductor substrate to generate heat in the semiconductor substrate. A temperature associated with the semiconductor substrate can be sensed, using a temperature sensor located in association with the semiconductor substrate. A temperature of the semiconductor substrate can be established or adjusted. This can include controlling the electrical energy received at the two or more electrodes using information received from the temperature sensor.