Abstract: A coupler including a first connector having a first end, a second end opposite the first end, and a first valve disposed between the first end and the second end. The first valve having a compressed state and an expanded state. The coupler includes a second connector having a housing, a connecting portion extending from the housing, and a second valve disposed at least partially within the housing, the second valve having a compressed state and an expanded state. The coupler further includes a collar coupled to the housing of the second connector and configured to receive at least a portion of the first connector to detachably couple the first connector to the collar and the second connector such that the housing of the second connector is at least partially disposed within the first connector.

Abstract: Valve components positioned in fluid connector assemblies, including universal fluid connector assemblies, are shown. A valve component is designed to open or close based on fluid pressure from a medical fluid applied to the valve component. Normally, when no force is acting on the valve component, the valve component is in an open position and portions of the valve components are spaced apart by a threshold force, thus forming a valve chamber. However, in an exemplary embodiment, when an applied force by the medical fluid is at least at the threshold force, the portions of the valve component contact each other and the valve component transitions to a closed position, thereby preventing the medical fluid from passing through the valve component, and accordingly, preventing the medical fluid from passing through the fluid connector assembly.

Abstract: Fluid clamps are described herein. A fluid clamp includes a clamp body and a rotating body. The clamp body includes a first and second valve element. Each valve element includes a valve extension portion and a valve end portion extending from the valve extension portion. The first and second valve elements are disposed opposite to each other to allow a tubing to pass between the first and second valve elements. The rotating body is rotatably coupled to the clamp body. The rotation of the rotating body moves the valve end portion of at least one of the first and second valve elements to adjust a flow rate through the tubing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and method for intra-operatively spatially calibrating an ultrasound probe. The method includes determining the relative changes in ultrasound images of a phantom, or high-contrast feature points within a target volume, for three different ultrasound positions. Spatially calibrating the ultrasound probe includes measuring the change in position and orientation of the probe and computing a calibration matrix based on the measured changes in probe position and orientation and the estimated changes in position and orientation of the phantom.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and method for intra-operatively spatially calibrating an ultrasound probe. The method includes determining the relative changes in ultrasound images of a phantom, or high-contrast feature points within a target volume, for three different ultrasound positions. Spatially calibrating the ultrasound probe includes measuring the change in position and orientation of the probe and computing a calibration matrix based on the measured changes in probe position and orientation and the estimated changes in position and orientation of the phantom.

Abstract: Photoactive cationic organic polymers are provided which are electrically insulating and which are capable of photolysis to an electrically conductive form. The organic polymer includes a C-A linkage, wherein C is a chalcogenide-sulfide, selenide or telluride-in the polymer backbone chain and A is in aryl or alkyl group. The C-A linkage is capable of being cleaved in the presence of ultraviolet light to release A as a free radical and cause the polymer to become electrically conducting in the presence of the light while the remainder of the polymer remains electrically non-conducting. A thin film of such a polymer containing an electrically insulating region and a photolysed electrically conductive region may be used as a semiconductor. Methods for forming photoactive arylated or alkylated poly(phenylene chalcogenide) polymers involving the step of direct arylation or alkylation of a poly(phenylene chalcogenide) polymer are also provided. In addition, a method is provided for forming a semiconductor.