Abstract: The invention relates to particular burners, particularly to non-premixed or partially-premixed fuel burners with flexibility to oxygen enrich the burner. Accordingly, said burners may be used in applications that needs operation of a burner in both air-fuel, and/or oxy-fuel and/or air-oxy-fuel mode depending on furnace operation needs. The invention further relates to furnaces including the burners and methods of operating the burners.

Abstract: The invention relates to particular burners, particularly to non-premixed or partially-premixed dual-fue burners with flexibility to change the heat input from the two fuels. Accordingly, said burners may be used in applications that needs operation of a burner in both single-fuel, and/or duel-fuel mode depending on furnace operation needs. The invention further relates to furnaces including the burners and methods of operating the burners.

Abstract: The invention relates to particular burners, particularly to non-premixed or partially-premixed dual-fuel burners with flexibility to change the heat input from the two fuels. Accordingly, said burners may be used in applications that needs operation of a bummer in both single-fuel, and/or duel-fuel mode depending on furnace operation needs. The invention further relates to methods of operating the burners.

Abstract: The invention relates to particular burners, and e.g. to a burner comprising a central main fuel lance, a pilot fuel conduit, a main oxidant conduit, an auxiliary oxidant conduit, and optionally a secondary fuel conduit, which are arranged in a particular and advantageous way to surround each other at least in their downstream sections. The invention further relates to furnaces including the burners and methods of operating the burners. Among others, the burners of the present invention allow a particularly advantageous way of including a pilot burner as an integral part of the main burner to ignite liquid fuel flame in a cold furnace. If required, the pilot flame can assist in extending the flammability limit or operating range of the liquid fuel burner.

Abstract: A process for calcining a feed material can include passing a solid particulate material through a burner or adjacent a burner for being pass through a flame formed by the burner to facilitate calcination of the material. The material can be emitted from the flame of the burner within a calciner for passing through a body of the calciner to an outlet for further calcination of the material so the material has a pre-selected residence time as it is passed through the flame and calciner to an outlet. The residence time can be 20 seconds to 30 seconds, 1-3 minutes, less than 5 minutes in some embodiments. Some embodiments can facilitate calcination of a CaCO3 material so the calcined solid material output from a calciner is comprised of Ca(OH)2 (e.g. is mostly Ca(OH)2, is over 90 weight percent Ca(OH)2, etc.).

Abstract: A burner including a first burner element having a first annular oxidant nozzle surrounding a first inner fuel nozzle; a second burner element having a second annular oxidant nozzle surrounding a second inner fuel nozzle, the second burner element being positioned adjacent to and spaced apart from the first burner element; a staging nozzle configured to flow secondary oxidant and being positioned adjacent to and spaced apart from the second burner element and separated from the first burner element by the second burner element; wherein the first inner nozzle and the second inner nozzle each have a major axis defined by a length L and a minor axis defined by a height hf; wherein 5<=L/hf<=15; wherein the staging nozzle has a major axis; and wherein the major axes of the first and second inner nozzles and the staging nozzle are substantially parallel with each other.

Abstract: A tuyere comprising an inner tube including a lower section having a first diameter, an upper section having a second diameter smaller than the first diameter, and a converging transition section having a converging angle ? from 30° to 60° connecting the lower section to the upper section, the inner tube terminating in an inner nozzle at a downstream end of the upper section; and an outer tube surrounding the inner tube so as to create an annulus there between, the outer tube including a lower section having a third diameter larger than the first diameter, an upper section having a fourth diameter smaller than the third diameter but larger than the second diameter, and a converging transition section having connecting the lower section to the upper section, the outer tube terminating in an outer nozzle at a downstream end of the upper section.

Abstract: A system for melting a pelleted charge material including a furnace having a feed end configured to receive a solid pelleted charge material and a discharge end opposite the feed end configured to discharge a molten charge material and a slag, a conveyor configured to feed the pelleted charge material into the feed end of the furnace, at least one oxy-fuel burner positioned to direct heat into a melting zone near the feed end to heat and at least partially melt the pelleted charge material to form the molten charge material and slag, wherein the oxy-fuel burner uses an oxidant having at least 70% molecular oxygen, and at least one flue for exhausting burner combustion products from the furnace.

Abstract: A tuyere comprising an inner tube including a lower section having a first diameter, an upper section having a second diameter smaller than the first diameter, and a converging transition section having a converging angle ? from 15° to 35° connecting the lower section to the upper section, the inner tube terminating in an inner nozzle at a downstream end of the upper section; and an outer tube surrounding the inner tube so as to create an annulus there between, the outer tube including a lower section having a third diameter larger than the first diameter, an upper section having a fourth diameter smaller than the third diameter but larger than the second diameter, and a converging transition section having connecting the lower section to the upper section, the outer tube terminating in an outer nozzle at a downstream end of the upper section.

Abstract: A system for melting a pelleted charge material including a furnace having a feed end configured to receive a solid pelleted charge material and a discharge end opposite the feed end configured to discharge a molten charge material and a slag, a conveyor configured to feed the pelleted charge material into the feed end of the furnace, at least one oxy-fuel burner positioned to direct heat into a melting zone near the feed end to heat and at least partially melt the pelleted charge material to form the molten charge material and slag, wherein the oxy-fuel burner uses an oxidant having at least 70% molecular oxygen, and at least one flue for exhausting burner combustion products from the furnace.