Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing a calcium phosphate catalyst, which comprises reacting a calcium salt with a phosphoric acid salt in aqueous ammonia, separating the precipitate resulting from the reaction mixture thus obtained, suitably shaping said precipitate, drying it, and subjecting it to heat treatment within a temperature range of 450.degree. to 600.degree. C. in the presence of steam mixed with at least one of the components selected from the group consisting of an inert gas, air, phosphoric an acid, aldehyde, an oxygen-containing heterocyclic compound, an alcohol, and a diene hydrocarbon.The reaction of calcium salts with phosphoric acid salts in aqueous ammonia is effected with the starting reactants taken in the molar ratio of 1.5:1 if no phosphoric acid treatment is used, or with the starting reactants in a molar ratio within the range of 1.5:1 to 5.0:1 if the reaction mixture is treated with a phosphoric acid solution to a pH of from 5.0 to 7.0.

Abstract: A process for producing unsaturated hydrocarbons which comprises contacting a paraffin, monoolefin and/or alkylaromatic compounds with a catalyst at a temperature within the range of from 400.degree. to 700.degree. C. in the presence of an inert gas and/or steam. The catalyst comprises a carrier having deposited thereonto an oxide of molybdenum in an amount of from 5 to 35% by weight of the catalyst. As the carrier, use is made of a granulated porous crystalline silica modified with magnesia in an amount of from 1 to 20% by weight of the carrier; a granulated magnesium-titanium carrier consisting of 50 to 95% by weight of MgO and 50 to 5% by weight of TiO.sub.2, or a granulated magnesium-aluminum carrier consisting of 70 to 95% by weight of MgO and 5 to 30% by weight of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. Through the spent catalyst an oxygen-containing gas is passed at a temperature within the range of from 400.degree. to 700.degree. until catalytic activity is restored to the catalyst.

Abstract: The method of preparing isoprene and isoamylenes consists in that a gaseous mixture of isobutylene and methyl alcohol is brought in contact with a catalyst, namely aluminum oxide or tantalum pentoxide, at a temperature of 250 to 500.degree. C. It is recommendable that use should be made of aluminum oxide modified with an oxide of at least one of the following elements: molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, zirconium, titanium, vanadium, and cobalt. Moreover, it is possible to use aluminum oxide modified with a sulphate of at least one of the following elements: zirconium and chromium. A combination of both modifications is also possible. The yield of isoprene obtained by the proposed method is 16 to 20 mol. percent, with respect to the passed methyl alcohol, and the yield of isoamylenes is 25 to 30 mol. percent.