Abstract: An electromagnetic filter assembly for attenuating electromagnetic interferences can comprise a base plate comprising a first opening configured to be penetrated by a first conductor from which an electromagnetic interference at least partially originates, wherein the base plate comprises an electrically non-conductive carrier layer, an electrically conductive first layer section, and an electrically conductive second layer section, wherein the first layer section comprises a shielding interface configured to connect the first layer section to a shielding in an electrically conductive manner, wherein the second layer section comprises a first conductor interface configured to connect the second layer section to the first conductor in an electrically conductive manner, and wherein the first layer section and the second layer section are capacitively coupled via at least two discrete capacitor elements.

Abstract: A ground fault monitoring system includes an isolation monitoring unit, a first main switch, a second main switch and a control unit. The isolation monitoring unit is arrangeable between an energy storage system and a ground element. The switches are arrangeable between the energy storage system and an external energy supply system. The isolation monitoring unit includes a first, second and third switchable resistor branches. The control unit is configured to close the switches during charging of the energy storage system for connecting the energy storage system to the external energy supply system and to disconnect the first switchable resistor branch from the energy storage system and connect the second switchable resistor branch and the third switchable resistor branch to the energy storage system for monitoring a current leakage to the ground element during charging of the energy storage system.

Abstract: A ground fault monitoring system includes an isolation monitoring unit, a first main switch, a second main switch and a control unit. The isolation monitoring unit is arrangeable between an energy storage system and a ground element. The switches are arrangeable between the energy storage system and an external energy supply system. The isolation monitoring unit includes a first, second and third switchable resistor branches. The control unit is configured to close the switches during charging of the energy storage system for connecting the energy storage system to the external energy supply system and to disconnect the first switchable resistor branch from the energy storage system and connect the second switchable resistor branch and the third switchable resistor branch to the energy storage system for monitoring a current leakage to the ground element during charging of the energy storage system.

Abstract: An electric vehicle charging system is provided. In some embodiments, the electric vehicle charging system can comprise an electric motor drive system comprising a three-phase electric motor and an inverter. In various embodiments, a negative cable can be connected to an electric vehicle inlet and a battery. In further embodiments, a booster charging cable can be connected to a star-point of the three-phase electric motor and to a positive pole of the electric vehicle inlet, wherein the booster charging cable bypasses a connection between the positive pole and the battery.

Abstract: A charging system for charging an electric vehicle battery, including a charging inlet connected to an external direct current (DC) charging station providing a predefined charging inlet voltage, a battery having a nominal voltage of 400V or 800V connected to the charging inlet, the battery including two 400V-battery units, and a voltage outlet, the voltage outlet supplying an output voltage to an auxiliary component connected to the voltage outlet having a nominal voltage corresponding to the nominal voltage of the battery, a DC/DC converter converting the charging inlet voltage into the nominal voltage of the auxiliary component, and at least three circuit breakers being arranged to connect the two 400V-battery units to form a charging circuit having a nominal charging voltage corresponding to the supplied charging inlet voltage and/or to selectively integrate the DC/DC converter into the charging circuit to provide the auxiliary component with the nominal voltage during charging.

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling a hybrid vehicle in an emergency situation. The hybrid vehicle includes an internal combustion engine, a rechargeable electric energy storage system, and an electrical motor drive system. The method includes detecting a failure of a control unit for controlling the electrical motor drive system, disconnecting the rechargeable electric energy storage system from the hybrid vehicle, limiting the maximum speed of the internal combustion engine from a first RPM value to a second RPM value. An apparatus is also provided for controlling a hybrid vehicle in an emergency situation.

Abstract: A method for monitoring an insulation fault in an electric network with at least one electric power system supplying electric power to one or more electric loads, and at least one insulation resistance monitor is provided, wherein the at least one electric power system includes at least one electrical power source, and wherein the at least one insulation resistance monitor monitors an insulation resistance between terminal leads of the at least one electric power source and at least one reference potential. The steps are performed of disconnecting the at least one electric power source from the one or more loads by opening each terminal lead; measuring the insulation resistance between the electric circuit of at least one electrical power source and the reference potential; measuring the insulation resistance for the total electric network; closing the second terminal lead with the first terminal lead open; and measuring the insulation resistance for the total electric network.

Abstract: A method for controlling a hybrid vehicle electrical system includes driving the vehicle in a first driving mode where the battery pack is connected to the traction voltage DC-link and the battery pack is supplying the electrical auxiliary units with power, shutting down the power electronics unit in order to cease power delivery from the electric machine to the traction voltage DC-link or to the electric machine from the traction voltage DC-link, disconnecting the battery pack from the traction voltage DC-link by opening the relay, and activating the power electronics unit and controlling output voltage of the power electronics unit to a predetermined level.

Abstract: A method for controlling a hybrid vehicle electrical system includes driving the vehicle in a first driving mode where the battery pack is connected to the traction voltage DC-link and the battery pack is supplying the electrical auxiliary units with power, shutting down the power electronics unit in order to cease power delivery from the electric machine to the traction voltage DC-link or to the electric machine from the traction voltage DC-link, disconnecting the battery pack from the traction voltage DC-link by opening the relay, and activating the power electronics unit and controlling output voltage of the power electronics unit to a predetermined level.

Abstract: A method for monitoring an insulation fault in an electric network with at least one electric power system supplying electric power to one or more electric loads, and at least one insulation resistance monitor is provided, wherein the at least one electric power system includes at least one electrical power source, and wherein the at least one insulation resistance monitor monitors an insulation resistance between terminal leads of the at least one electric power source and at least one reference potential. The steps are performed of disconnecting the at least one electric power source from the one or more loads by opening each terminal lead; measuring the insulation resistance between the electric circuit of at least one electrical power source and the reference potential; measuring the insulation resistance for the total electric network; closing the second terminal lead with the first terminal lead open; and measuring the insulation resistance for the total electric network.

Abstract: A method for monitoring an insulation fault in an electric network with at least one electric power system supplying electric power to one or more electric loads, and at least one insulation resistance monitor is provided, wherein the at least one electric power system includes at least one electrical power source, and wherein the at least one insulation resistance monitor monitors an insulation resistance between terminal leads of the at least one electric power source and at least one reference potential. The steps are performed of disconnecting the at least one electric power source from the one or more loads by opening each terminal lead; measuring the insulation resistance between the electric circuit of at least one electrical power source and the reference potential; measuring the insulation resistance for the total electric network; closing the second terminal lead with the first terminal lead open; and measuring the insulation resistance for the total electric network.

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling a hybrid vehicle in an emergency situation. The hybrid vehicle includes an internal combustion engine, a rechargeable electric energy storage system, and an electrical motor drive system. The method includes detecting a failure of a control unit for controlling the electrical motor drive system, disconnecting the rechargeable electric energy storage system from the hybrid vehicle, limiting the maximum speed of the internal combustion engine from a first RPM value to a second RPM value. An apparatus is also provided for controlling a hybrid vehicle in an emergency situation.

Abstract: A method for monitoring an insulation fault in an electric network with at least one electric power system supplying electric power to one or more electric loads, and at least one insulation resistance monitor is provided, wherein the at least one electric power system includes at least one electrical power source, and wherein the at least one insulation resistance monitor monitors an insulation resistance between terminal leads of the at least one electric power source and at least one reference potential. The steps are performed of disconnecting the at least one electric power source from the one or more loads by opening each terminal lead; measuring the insulation resistance between the electric circuit of at least one electrical power source and the reference potential; measuring the insulation resistance for the total electric network; closing the second terminal lead with the first terminal lead open; and measuring the insulation resistance for the total electric network.

Abstract: Method for potentiating an engine's power contribution to a hybrid electric vehicle's performance in a take-off operating condition is disclosed. Normally, fuel injection to, and ignition at the engine 511 are only commenced when the engine is operating at a speed exceeding the resonance speed of the drive train to reduce engine start harshness; such resonance speeds of the drive train being dictated, at least in part, by transmission backlash, softness and the like. During high driver acceleration demands, however, ignition and the injection of fuel is desirably started as early as possible to potentiate output power and acceleration.

Abstract: Method for potentiating the utilizable torque output capacity of a hybrid electric vehicle is provided. The method includes controlling operation of an engine of a hybrid electric vehicle using a generator, the engine and generator being interconnected through a planetary gear system, the generator having approximately equal torque output capacity as the engine based on connective gear ratio selection. An engine controller is utilized for managing the engine's operation thereby permitting the engine to be operated at a torque output level substantially equal to the maximum torque output of the generator without a significant margin of excess control capacity of the generator over the engine. An overpower condition is detected in which the torque output of the engine is surpassing the maximum torque output of the generator. The engine is controlled to a torque output that is less than the maximum torque output of the generator.

Abstract: Method for optimizing the operational efficiency of a hybrid electric vehicle is disclosed. The method comprises operating an engine of a hybrid electric vehicle preferentially on an optimized power curve of the engine for maximizing the efficiency of the engine and sensing a state-of-charge (SOC) condition of a battery of the hybrid electric vehicle being at a preferential value indicative of no additional charging being desired. The running torque of the engine is reduced below the optimized torque curve to a point that the power produced by the engine is substantially equal to the power demanded for driving the hybrid electric vehicle.

Abstract: Method for calibrating and synchronizing sensed operating torques of an engine and a generator in a planetary gear based hybrid electric vehicle is disclosed. The method includes providing a sensor that detects the operational torque of an engine of a hybrid electric vehicle at the engine's interface with a planetary gear system of the hybrid electric vehicle. A sensor is provided that detects the operational torque of a generator of a hybrid electric vehicle at the motor's interface with the planetary gear system of the hybrid electric vehicle. The planetary gear system of the hybrid electric vehicle is operated in a split mode so that the generator is directly linked to the engine and a reading of the sensor that detects the operational torque of the generator may be used to compute the operating torque of the engine. Paired values of sensed operational torques of the engine and the generator at like times are recorded.

Abstract: Method for potentiating the utilizable torque output capacity of a hybrid electric vehicle is disclosed. The method includes controlling operation of an engine of a hybrid electric vehicle using a generator, the engine and generator being interconnected through a planetary gear system, the generator having approximately equal torque output capacity as the engine based on connective gear ratio selection. An engine controller is utilized for managing the engine's operation thereby permitting the engine to be operated at a torque output level substantially equal to the maximum torque output of the generator without a significant margin of excess control capacity of the generator over the engine. An overpower condition is detected in which the torque output of the engine is surpassing the maximum torque output of the generator. The engine is controlled to a torque output that is less than the maximum torque output of the generator.

Abstract: Method for potentiating an engine's power contribution to a hybrid electric vehicle's performance in a take-off operating condition is disclosed. Normally, fuel injection to, and ignition at the engine 511 are only commenced when the engine is operating at a speed exceeding the resonance speed of the drive train to reduce engine start harshness; such resonance speeds of the drive train being dictated, at least in part, by transmission backlash, softness and the like. During high driver acceleration demands, however, ignition and the injection of fuel is desirably started as early as possible to potentiate output power and acceleration.

Abstract: Method for optimizing the operational efficiency of a hybrid electric vehicle is disclosed. The method comprises operating an engine of a hybrid electric vehicle preferentially on an optimized power curve of the engine for maximizing the efficiency of the engine and sensing a state-of-charge (SOC) condition of a battery of the hybrid electric vehicle being at a preferential value indicative of no additional charging being desired. The running torque of the engine is reduced below the optimized torque curve to a point that the power produced by the engine is substantially equal to the power demanded for driving the hybrid electric vehicle.