Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing precursor yarn comprising lignin, which may be further processed into intermediate carbon fibers and finally also carbon fibers. It also relates to carbon fibers and uses of said fibers. Said method involves applying a water-free spin finish.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a shaped body comprising lignin which may be further processed into intermediate carbon fibers and finally also carbon fibers. Uses of said fibers are also disclosed. The present invention addresses the problem of lignin leaching into a precipitation bath. The solution to this problem is a novel method for minimizing the loss of lignin through the addition of certain salts into the precipitation bath.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing precursor yarn comprising lignin, which may be further processed into intermediate carbon fibers and finally also carbon fibers. It also relates to carbon fibers and uses of said fibers. Said method involves applying a water-free spin finish.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a shaped body comprising lignin which may be further processed into intermediate carbon fibers and finally also carbon fibers. Uses of said fibers are also disclosed. The present invention addresses the problem of lignin leaching into a precipitation bath. The solution to this problem is a novel method for minimizing the loss of lignin through the addition of certain salts into the precipitation bath.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of a precursor for the production of carbon—and activated carbon fibers according to the wet—or air-gap spinning method, in which a solution of lignin and a fiber-forming polymer in a suitable solvent is extruded through the holes of a spinning nozzle into a coagulation bath, the formed thread is stretched and subsequently treated, dried at an elevated temperature and then wound up. The lignin-containing thread is an economical starting material for the production of carbon—and activated carbon fibers.

Abstract: A steering test stand has a first steering device with a measurement unit measuring the steering device torque value and applies forces to the steering device and control unit and has a control unit connected to a computer for controlling actuators. The computer simulates static and/or dynamic properties of a motor vehicle and transmits simulated target values to the control unit. A test driver unit comprises a second steering device as a force feedback steering wheel and a connection between the test driver unit and the computer, transmits a second steering angle set on the force feedback steering wheel. A second connection between the test driver unit and computer transmits steering torque measured on the first steering device to the test unit, such that the second steering device sets a second steering torque value on the force feedback steering wheel as a function of the first value.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of a precursor for the production of carbon- and activated carbon fibres according to the wet- or air-gap spinning method, in which a solution of lignin and a fibre-forming polymer in a suitable solvent is extruded through the holes of a spinning nozzle into a coagulation bath, the formed thread is stretched and subsequently treated, dried at an elevated temperature and then wound up. The lignin-containing thread is an economical starting material for the production of carbon- and activated carbon fibres.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for the multiple fluorescence detection of fluorophores.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for measuring the amplitude of oscillation of the balance of a timepiece movement having an escapement adapted for disengagement and engagement, successively, the balance having a predetermined angle of lift. The time intervals between successive disengagement and engagement are measured, as are the durations of vibration of the balance. The number of pulses of a first frequency which are produced during at least one of the measured time intervals is counted. The number of pulses of a second frequency produced during at least one of the vibration durations also is counted. The first and second frequencies have a predetermined relationship with respect to each other. The number of counted pulses of the second frequency is divided by the number of counted pulses of the first frequency to thereby attain a quotient which is equal to the amplitude of oscillation.