Abstract: The present invention concerns a radiation inverse treatment planning system for a linear accelerator. The system includes a radiation source, configured for delivering individual radiotherapeutic dose shots (aj), each individual radiotherapeutic dose shot having a predetermined location and incidence angle inside and/or outside a target area, a size and a shape. The system also includes at least a data bus system (102), and a memory (106) coupled to the data bus system (102), wherein the memory (106) includes a computer usable program code. The system also includes a processing unit (104) coupled to the data bus system (102), wherein the processing unit (104) is configured to execute the computer usable program code to pre-compute (10) a set of individual radiotherapeutie dose shots (aj), and associate (40) a weight (sj) to each individual radiotherapeutic dose shot (aj), based on one or more constraints (20).

Abstract: The present invention concerns an inverse treatment planning system. The system includes, at least a data bus system (102), a memory (106) coupled to the data bus system (102), and a processing unit (104) coupled to the data bus system (102). The processing unit (104) is configured to execute the instructions to pre-compute (10) a set of individual dose shots (aj), each individual dose shot having a predetermined location inside and/or outside a target area, a size and a shape. The processing unit also associates (40) a weight (sj) to each individual dose shot (aj), based on one or more constraints (20). The processing unit (104) further executes the instructions to find (30) the sparsest subset of individual dose shots, so as to satisfy said one or more constraints (20).

Abstract: The present invention concerns an inverse treatment planning system, comprising: at least a data bus system (102), a memory (106) coupled to the data bus system (102), wherein the memory (106) comprises a computer usable program code, and a processing unit (104) coupled to the data bus system (102), wherein the processing unit (104) is configured to execute the computer usable program code to pre-compute (10) a set of individual dose shots (aj), each individual dose shot having a predetermined location inside and/or outside a target area, a size and a shape, associate (40) a weight (sj) to each individual dose shot (aj), based on one or more constraints (20), characterised in that the processing unit (104) executes the computer usable program code to find (30) the sparsest subset of individual dose shots, so as to satisfy said one or more constraints (20).

Abstract: The present invention concerns a radiation inverse treatment planning system for a linear accelerator, comprising: a radiation source, configured for delivering individual dose shots (aj), each individual dose shot having a predetermined location and incidence angle inside and/or outside a target area, a size and a shape at least a data bus system (102), a memory (106) coupled to the data bus system (102), wherein the memory (106) comprises a computer usable program code, and a processing unit (104) coupled to the data bus system (102), wherein the processing unit (104) is configured to execute the computer usable program code to pre-compute (10) a set of individual dose shots (aj), associate (40) a weight (sj) to each individual dose shot (aj), based on one or more constraints (20), characterised in that the processing unit (104) executes the computer usable program code to find (30) the sparsest subset of individual dose shots, so as to satisfy said one or more constraints (20).

Abstract: In a system and method for the reduction of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust of an internal combustion engine, the exhaust line of the internal combustion engine contains a DeNOx catalytic converter, in which the nitrogen oxides are reduced by means of hydrogen that is produced on-board the vehicle. The DeNOx catalytic converter is incorporated into a temperature-controlled heat exchanger, allowing the DeNOx catalytic converter to be operated within a desired temperature range, thereby improving the level of conversion.

Abstract: A merchandise display system has a carrier supported by an array of adjustably interconnecting arms from a mounting base. The mounting base is connectable to a mounting structure in a variety of different orientations so that the carrier can be displayed as desired. The mounting base has a clamp structure which is engageable with a horizontal counter edge, or with a vertical post or partition edge. Where no such edge is available the clamping structure can be detached allowing the mounting base to be mounted directly on a vertical wall surface, e.g. by wood screws.

Abstract: The communication link includes antennae mounted at adjacent ends of adjacent cars whereby electronic communications between the cars are effected by free space radio frequency coupling. The antennae are mounted in housings, which include radiation shields, and the housings are mounted on the coupling for physically coupling the cars together whereby the housings, and therefore the antennas, are maintained in fixed relationship to each other.

Abstract: The link permits communications between cars of a railway or subway trains. On at least a first one of the cars, a multiplexer multiplexes digital signals representative of the status of various systems on the car, and processes them into a first digital trainline signal. A transmitter includes a modulator which converts the digital trainline signal to a RF signal, and the RF signal is transmitted, by an antenna, through free space from the first car to a second car. The second car includes an antenna for receiving the RF signal, and a receiver for de-modulating the signal and converting it to a second digital trainline signal. A demultiplexer demultiplexes the second digital trainline signal into appropriate formats readable by the train systems on board the second car. Both the first and second cars include multiplexers and demultiplexers, and transmitters and receivers, so that communication is possible between the first car and the second car as well as between the second car and the first car.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for making a foundation by creating a block constituted by the ground itself, the method being characterized in that at least one deep anchor point is established by using anchor means (1/3) buried underground by pile-driving, which means (3) extend in the anchoring position up to the surface of the ground in order to project beyond the surface; a slab (10) is placed on the surface, the slab including at least one opening for passing extensions from the anchor means; and traction is exerted on the slab in order to presetress the ground by using means situated above the slab (10) to put the anchor means under tension until an in-service force is obtained suitable for holding the structure to be built on the surface.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and device for driving tools into the ground, comprising a chassis in which is slidably mounted an anvil connected by a set of rods to said tool and a hammer sliding in said chassis to strike the anvil, which device further comprises an electro-magnet mounted to slide in said chassis and above said hammer, which is connected to an electrical source as well as to lifting means for gripping the hammer by magnetic attraction after it has dropped on the anvil and to lift the hammer to the upper part of the chassis in order automatically to allow it to drop again by gravity onto said anvil, and in which the hammer comprises in its part opposite the one which comes into contact with the anvil a permanent magnet to increase the force of attraction of the hammer against the electro-magnet, or to create a force of repulsion by change of polarity of the electro-magnet in order to promote separation of the electro-magnet and the hammer and to communicate an initial velocity to said ham

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for detecting micro-leaks of gas by directing the infrared radiation created by a thermal gradient onto a wall, which device comprises an enclosure provided with an opening equipped with sealing means designed to be placed in contact with the wall, a sealed tank separated from said enclosure by a partition wall, said tank housing an infrared camera of which the objective is situated in front of a lens which is permeable to infrared radiations, means for sealingly applying the enclosure against the wall, means for creating a partial vacuum inside the enclosure, and an insulating screen placed in the center of the opening of the enclosure and applied against said wall in order to filtrate the gas leaks drawn in by the vacuum effect, to obtain a thermal gradient detectable by thermovision.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring the activity level of an organ of the human body.The apparatus processes digital values recorded in the memory of a processor. These digital values correspond to the analog values of a differential signal supplied after amplification and filtration of activity signals supplied by sensors. The memory contains a program for processing the digital values by sampling during each period of a succession of periods shifted by a predetermined time interval. The program controls the calculation of the Fourier transform of these values during each period. The frequency spectrum of the input signal is obtained during each interval. During each interval the processor detects the peak of the spectrum relative to the organ to be studied, as well as the amplitude maximum of that peak. The processor supplies a signal representing the evolution of the maxima of the peaks for all the time intervals. This signal is characteristic of the activity level of the organ to be studied.

Abstract: A simulcast transmission system is disclosed. The system comprises a master station including means for generating and transmitting over a medium an audio signal containing a message signal and a pilot frequency signal inserted into the audio signal band, and at least two slave stations adapted to receive the audio signal transmitted over the medium and including a radio frequency generator of the phase locked loop type and means for isolating the pilot frequency signal from the audio signal and for synchronizing the frequency of the radio frequency generator with such pilot frequency signal.

Abstract: A printing device for chronocomparators comprising a striker, an ironless cylindrical coil mounted for rotation in an air gap of a magnetic circuit and connected to the striker, the magnetic circuit being formed by a permanent magnet placed inside the coil and an outer part of magnetically permeable material surrounding the coil. The coil is connected through spiral springs to a source of electric control pulses. The spiral springs provide a return force for bringing the coil back to a rest position in the absence of a control pulse. A cylinder with a helical rib is placed to be stricken by the striker and a recording strip is inserted between the striker and the said cylinder.

Abstract: An electric actuating device for producing limited angular displacements comprising an ironless cylindrical coil mounted for rotation in an air gap of a magnetic circuit, the magnetic circuit being formed by a permanent magnet placed inside the coil and an outer part of magnetically permeable material surrounding the coil. The coil is connected through spiral springs to a source of electric control pulses. The spiral springs provide a return force for bringing the coil back to a rest position in the absence of a control pulse. Means are provided for limiting the angle of rotation of the coil.