Abstract: The invention relates to a coupling system (12) which is used to connect a tube (7) to a socket (8). Said tube (7) comprises a support (13) which is arranged on at least one or the ends thereof. Said support can be inserted into the socket (8) and the comprises, on the external side thereof, at least one annular groove (14) and a securing contour (16). The socket (8) comprises a stop contour (20) on the external side thereof. A coupling element (17), which is produced separately in relation to the socket (8) and the support (13), is placed on the outside on the support (13). The coupling element (17) comprises at least one stop hook (19) which engages behind the stop contour (20) when the support (13) is inserted into the socket (8). The coupling element (17) comprises at least one securing hook (18) which co-operates with the securing contour (16) in order to fix the coupling element (17) to the support (13) in an axial manner.

Abstract: A procedure for diagnosing a tank system of a vehicle with at least two controllable tank ventilation valves, with at least two points of release for a tank ventilation mixture, whereby at least a first point of release runs into an inlet manifold of a combustion engine downstream of a throttle device and at least a second point of release is arranged in an inlet manifold of the combustion engine upstream of the throttle device, especially upstream of a compressor, is thereby characterized, in that for diagnosing the functionality of the tank ventilation system the at least two tank ventilation valves are controlled independently of each other and its functionality can be implied due to the pressure that occurs in the tank system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for operating an injection device (5) for an internal combustion engine, the injection device (5) including injection valves (40), via which fuel is injected directly into combustion chambers (100) of the internal combustion engine. Means are provided for detecting misfirings (310), and for determining a fuel pressure (320). A mechanical fault of an injection valve (40) is detected when a misfire occurs in a cylinder (110) and the fuel pressure simultaneously drops below a threshold value (SW). An electrical fault in an injection device (5) is detected when misfirings of cylinders (110) assigned to an output stage bank of the injection device (5) are observed, and the fuel pressure has dropped below a threshold value (SW). The responses to the faults that are implemented differ depending on the faults that were detected.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for detecting tank leaks, in which a gas pressure acts on a fluid which is situated in a tank, and in which the gas pressure in the tank or tank system is changed, wherein a tank leak is detected by evaluation of a temporal profile of a sum pressure of the fluid which is situated in the tank.

Abstract: A procedure to diagnose a fuel tank ventilation system of a motor vehicle and a device to implement the procedure are proposed. The fuel tank ventilation system contains at least one first ventilation pathway discharging into the air intake area of the internal combustion engine downstream behind a supercharger as well as at least one second ventilation pathway discharging into the air intake area upstream in front of the supercharger. Provision is made for a diagnosis with at least two partial diagnoses, whereby the first partial diagnosis pertaining to the first ventilation pathway is implemented, if the intake manifold pressure in the discharge area of the first ventilation pathway is smaller than the fuel tank system pressure; and the second partial diagnosis pertaining to the second ventilation pathway is implemented, if the intake manifold pressure in the discharge area of the first ventilation pathway is greater than the fuel tank system pressure.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes multiple combustion chambers. The supply of fuel into at least one subset of the combustion chambers can temporarily be interrupted. It is provided that the fuel be injected into the combustion chambers directly and during a switchover phase for interrupting or resuming fuel injection into the subset of combustion chambers, at least temporarily via multiple injections.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes multiple combustion chambers. The supply of fuel into at least one subset of the combustion chambers can temporarily be interrupted. It is provided that the fuel be injected into the combustion chambers directly and during a switchover phase for interrupting or resuming fuel injection into the subset of combustion chambers, at least temporarily via multiple injections.

Abstract: In a procedure for the functional diagnosis of an activateable fuel tank ventilation valve of the fuel tank system of an internal combustion engine, especially of a motor vehicle, whereby in specifiable time intervals when the fuel tank ventilation valve is activated to open, regeneration gas is added to the air drawn into the combustion chamber, whereby fuel is delivered to the combustion chamber, whereby the fuel, the air, respectively the fuel, the air and the regeneration gas are combusted in the combustion chamber and whereby by comparison of at least one operating parameter, which characterizes the combustion of fuel and intake air with the corresponding operating parameter, which characterizes the combustion of fuel, intake air and regeneration gas, inference can be made about the functional capability of the fuel tank ventilation valve, the HC-concentration of the regeneration gas is specifically affected by changing the regeneration gas stream.

Abstract: A procedure to diagnose a fuel tank ventilation system of a motor vehicle and a device to implement the procedure are proposed. The fuel tank ventilation system contains at least one first ventilation pathway discharging into the air intake area of the internal combustion engine downstream behind a supercharger as well as at least one second ventilation pathway discharging into the air intake area upstream in front of the supercharger. Provision is made for a diagnosis with at least two partial diagnoses, whereby the first partial diagnosis pertaining to the first ventilation pathway is implemented, if the intake manifold pressure in the discharge area of the first ventilation pathway is smaller than the fuel tank system pressure; and the second partial diagnosis pertaining to the second ventilation pathway is implemented, if the intake manifold pressure in the discharge area of the first ventilation pathway is greater than the fuel tank system pressure.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes multiple combustion chambers. The supply of fuel into at least one subset of the combustion chambers can temporarily be interrupted. It is provided that the fuel be injected into the combustion chambers directly and during a switchover phase for interrupting or resuming fuel injection into the subset of combustion chambers, at least temporarily via multiple injections.

Abstract: A method for generating a flexible display field on a monitor includes providing a display field with a main window, into which a plurality of information windows are incorporatable and which has a basic grid with a regular raster, allocating individual grid fields to a respective information window for displaying in an assigned grid field, setting a grid stage of a basic field via a central first user control device for the main window, switching the main window between a regular grid occupancy in which a size of each incorporated information window corresponds to a size of one grid field of the basic field, and an irregular grid occupancy in which a size of at least one information window corresponds to a size of an integral multiple of one grid field of the basic grid, and initiating a switchover of a user by a selection and a change in size of an information window and also a video management system and a software program are provided.

Abstract: The invention provides formulations of GM-CSF that comprise chelating agents. The chelating agents stabilize the GM-CSF against N-terminal degradation and allow for rapid absorption of GM-CSF upon administration.

Abstract: A method for controlling the opening of at least one intake valve of a combustion chamber in a periodically working piston engine, at least one intake valve of the combustion chamber being opened during a first partial period of a working period of the piston engine for charging the combustion chamber; and at least one intake valve of the combustion chamber being opened during a second partial period of the working period, wherein the second partial period begins after the combustion of the combustion chamber charge and has no overlap with the first partial period.

Abstract: Disclosed is a simple, easy-to-produce, and reliable connection between a shaft of a gas exchange valve and an actuator. This connection is detachable and, as a result, can be connected and disconnected multiple times. It is also possible to dispose the coupling piece on the shaft of the gas exchange valve and provide circumferential grooves on the control element of the actuator.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing polyoxymethylene by contacting a formaldehyde source with a catalyst of the formula I [ML1aL2b]cm+Zc·m/nn???(I) where M is a metal of group VIII; L1 is a ligand having at least one ?-electron pair; each L2 is independently tetrahydrofuran or a ligand which is displaceable by tetrahydrofuran; Z is an anion; a is 1 or 2; b is an integer from 0 to 4; c is 1 or 2; and m and n are integers from 1 to 4.

Abstract: In a method for determining the rotational speed of the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine having a sensor disk which is connected to a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, the sensor disk having a marking via a system of alternating teeth and tooth spaces, and a first sensor assigned to the sensor disk generating an electrical signal which is able to assume at least two signal levels, one of the signal levels being assigned to a tooth and the other being assigned to a tooth space, the accuracy of the rotational speed determination is increased in that the rotational speed of the crankshaft is determined by the control unit from the angle between two markings divided by the time elapsed between the two markings; additional markings may be situated between the two markings and the number of markings which are situated between the two markings is a function of the rotational speed.

Abstract: In a method for determining the rotational speed of the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine having a sensor disk which is connected to a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, the sensor disk having a marking via a system of alternating teeth and tooth spaces, and a first sensor assigned to the sensor disk generating an electrical signal which is able to assume at least two signal levels, one of the signal levels being assigned to a tooth and the other being assigned to a tooth space, the accuracy of the rotational speed determination is increased in that the rotational speed of the crankshaft is determined by the control unit from the angle between two markings divided by the time elapsed between the two markings; additional markings may be situated between the two markings and the number of markings which are situated between the two markings is a function of the rotational speed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a simple, easy-to-produce, and reliable connection between a shaft of a gas exchange valve and an actuator. This connection is detachable and, as a result, can be connected and disconnected multiple times. It is also possible to dispose the coupling piece on the shaft of the gas exchange valve and provide circumferential grooves on the control element of the actuator 5.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a connection between a shaft end of a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine and a sleeve-shaped actuating element of a valve actuator, which is guided in an axially movable manner within a pressure region, which is able to be pressurized with a pressure medium, of the valve actuator and at least partially surrounds the shaft end. The present invention provides for the connection to be situated outside of the pressure region and in the region of an opening, which is formed on the side of the valve actuator away from the combustion chamber, and is, for example, coaxial to the shaft end.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing polyoxymethylene by contacting a formaldehyde source with a catalyst of the formula I [ML1aL2b]cm+Zc·m/nn???(I) where M is a metal of group VIII; L1 is a ligand having at least one ?-electron pair; each L2 is independently tetrahydrofuran or a ligand which is displaceable by tetrahydrofuran; Z is an anion; a is 1 or 2; b is an integer from 0 to 4; c is 1 or 2; and m and n are integers from 1 to 4.