Abstract: In a first step of the method of achieving TRIP microstructure in steels by deformation heat, steel feedstock is heated to a temperature below the temperature at which austenite begins to form in the steel in question, i.e. below AC1. In a next step, the feedstock is formed into a final product, using applied severe plastic deformation whereby deformation energy causes the temperature of the material to increase to the final temperature between AC1 and AC3, and whereupon the ferrite-pearlite microstructure transforms into austenite. In a third or last process step, the final product is cooled down from the final temperature to the temperature of the bainite nose of the material (B). The cooling is then interrupted and the material is held at the temperature of the bainite nose (B). Consequently, the TRIP microstructure forms. Finally, the product is cooled down to ambient temperature.

Abstract: According to the method of production of a steel sheet pressed part with locally modified properties, the steel sheet blank is first heated in a device for heating to the austenitic temperature of the material. Next, the steel sheet blank is converted in a tool for deep drawing by deformation into a final drawn part. Subsequently, the final drawn part is cooled inside the tool for deep drawing. Various locations of the final drawn part are cooled to various temperatures and/or at various rates during the cooling process. Thereafter, the final drawn part is placed in an annealing device, where retained austenite stabilization occurs by diffusion-based carbon partitioning within the material from which the drawn part is made. After stabilization, the final drawn part is removed from the annealing device and air cooled to ambient temperature.

Abstract: A digital generator of phase shift modulation receives two binary coded numbers (F) and (P), that represent a requested frequency value and a requested phase value, respectively, and generates two pairs of phase-shifted signals a, b and c, d. One pair of the phase-shifted signals is intended to control one half bridge of a full-bridge converter, and the second pair is intended to control the other half bridge. Signal b is complementary to signal a having a 50% duty cycle with addition of dead times created by a first delay line (5). Signals c and d have the same parameters as signals a and b, with the exception that dead times are created by a second delay line (6). The frequency of generated signals is proportional to the requested frequency value (F) and the phase shift between pairs of signals is proportional to the requested phase value (P).

Abstract: A method of manipulating and forming material where the material is a metal blank. The blank is inserted into an electromagnetic field that keeps it in levitation and heats it up to the temperature between solid state and liquid state. Temperature is measured by infrared thermometer. After the blank reaches the required temperature it is formed to the desired shape by external force. The temperature changes during the forming phase and this change can be controlled or uncontrolled. Forming of levitated blank is done by changing position of levitation device by inserting the blank between forming tools or levitated blank stays in place and forming tools move towards it and then the forming takes place.

Abstract: A digital generator of phase shift modulation receives two binary coded numbers (F) and (P), that represent a requested frequency value and a requested phase value, respectively, and generates two pairs of phase-shifted signals a, b and c, d. One pair of the phase-shifted signals is intended to control one half bridge of a full-bridge converter, and the second pair is intended to control the other half bridge. Signal b is complementary to signal a having a 50% duty cycle with addition of dead times created by a first delay line (5). Signals c and d have the same parameters as signals a and b, with the exception that dead times are created by a second delay line (6). The frequency of generated signals is proportional to the requested frequency value (F) and the phase shift between pairs of signals is proportional to the requested phase value (P).