Abstract: The invention relates to a mattress, preferably used as a sleeping mattress, comprising a core (1) made of foam material, air-filled pressure cushions (5), and a top support area (3) and a bottom support area (4) made of particularly air-permeable material. Said mattress also comprises a plurality of through holes (6, 6a) that provide optimal air permeability and thus allow moisture which is secreted by the body to be conveyed away from the body and through the mattress. The inventive mattress also provides particularly great lying comfort while the pressure level thereof is adapted to the body zones and can be individually adjusted to the needs of the person lying thereupon even when said needs are subjected to individual variations and changes. Said mattress has a low weight and is free from metallic and electronic components. An integrated system encompassing pressure control valves and a pneumatic pump allows leakage losses to be compensated while increasing the pressure resistance.