Abstract: A method and apparatus according to the invention is described, which in a first mode operates as an internal combustion engine delivering energy and in a second mode operates as a pulsed compression reactor converting electrical energy in the form of chemical compounds. In the second mode, at least one of the generated compounds is collected and temporarily stored.

Abstract: The process and apparatus according to the invention allow the production of chemical compounds without the use of catalysts. For this purpose, the reactants necessary for the desired products are fed to compression reactors. In addition, the reaction conditions are controlled by means of an electronic control device. For this purpose, among other things, the compression reactors are combined with an electric motor, thereby influencing the residence time in the reactors. In addition, it is planned to raise the reactant pressures with the help of a compressor. In addition, the operating conditions are recorded with suitable sensors and/or analysers.

Abstract: An exhaust gas turbine (30) for expanding exhaust gas, comprising a turbine housing (33) having an inflow housing portion (35) for exhaust gas to be expanded and an outflow housing portion (36) for expanded exhaust gas, a turbine rotor (34) received by the turbine housing (33), the turbine rotor (34) being rotatable about an axis of rotation, a metering means (42) for a reducing agent or a precursor substance of a reducing agent, wherein the reducing agent or the precursor substance can be introduced into the expanded exhaust gas via the metering device (42), and with a swirl atomizer (43), rotating together with the turbine rotor (34), for the reducing agent or the precursor substance, the reducing agent or the precursor substance being atomizable in the expanded exhaust gas via the swirl atomizer (43), the swirl atomizer (43) engaging the turbine rotor (34) at a downstream, hub-side portion of the turbine rotor (34).

Abstract: An exhaust gas turbine (30) for expanding exhaust gas, comprising a turbine housing (33) having an inflow housing portion (35) for exhaust gas to be expanded and an outflow housing portion (36) for expanded exhaust gas, a turbine rotor (34) received by the turbine housing (33), the turbine rotor (34) being rotatable about an axis of rotation, a metering means (42) for a reducing agent or a precursor substance of a reducing agent, wherein the reducing agent or the precursor substance can be introduced into the expanded exhaust gas via the metering device (42), and with a swirl atomizer (43), rotating together with the turbine rotor (34), for the reducing agent or the precursor substance, the reducing agent or the precursor substance being atomizable in the expanded exhaust gas via the swirl atomizer (43), the swirl atomizer (43) engaging the turbine rotor (34) at a downstream, hub-side portion of the turbine rotor (34).

Abstract: The process and apparatus according to the invention allow the production of chemical compounds without the use of catalysts. For this purpose, the reactants necessary for the desired products are fed to compression reactors. In addition, the reaction conditions are controlled by means of an electronic control device. For this purpose, among other things, the compression reactors are combined with an electric motor, thereby influencing the residence time in the reactors. In addition, it is planned to raise the reactant pressures with the help of a compressor. In addition, the operating conditions are recorded with suitable sensors and/or analysers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus according to the invention is described, which in a first mode operates as an internal combustion engine delivering energy and in a second mode operates as a pulsed compression reactor converting electrical energy in the form of chemical compounds. In the second mode, at least one of the generated compounds is collected and temporarily stored.

Abstract: The present invention is notably directed to a printed circuit board, or PCB. This PCB has two main surfaces, each delimited by lateral edges, as well as lateral surfaces, each meeting each of the two main surfaces at one lateral edge. The present PCB further comprises a row of solder pads, which extends along a lateral edge of the PCB. Each solder pad is formed directly at the lateral edge and/or directly on a lateral surface (meeting one of the two main surfaces at said lateral edge). I.e., each pad interrupts a lateral edge and/or an adjoining lateral surface. One or more chips, e.g., memory chips, can be mounted on such a PCB to form an IC package. The above solder pad arrangement allows particularly dense arrangements of IC packages to be obtained. The present invention is further directed to related devices and methods of fabrication thereof.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a picking or packaging process of at least one article. Using a plurality of cameras, images are recorded of at least one moving article. Labels in the images are read. The read labels are compared with specifications from a picking list, and a sort of the article is identified on the basis of the comparison. If the sort of the article does not agree with specifications from the picking list, a warning is issued. In addition, a camera system having a plurality of cameras is provided. These cameras are set up to record at least the images and to read labels in the images.

Abstract: A device and a method for regenerating a particulate filter that is arranged in the exhaust tract of an internal combustion engine. There is disposed at least one NO oxidation catalytic converter upstream of the particulate filter for the oxidation of NO, and in particular to form NO2. At least one heating device is also provided upstream of the particulate filter, by way of which an exhaust-gas flow that is conducted towards the particulate filter can be heated to a defined temperature in accordance with defined regeneration parameters, in particular in accordance with a degree of loading of the particulate filter and/or in accordance with an efficiency of an NO2-based regeneration of the particulate filter by way of an NO2 quantity formed in the at least one NO oxidation catalytic converter.

Abstract: The present invention is notably directed to a printed circuit board, or PCB. This PCB has two main surfaces, each delimited by lateral edges, as well as lateral surfaces, each meeting each of the two main surfaces at one lateral edge. The present PCB further comprises a row of solder pads, which extends along a lateral edge of the PCB. Each solder pad is formed directly at the lateral edge and/or directly on a lateral surface (meeting one of the two main surfaces at said lateral edge). I.e., each pad interrupts a lateral edge and/or an adjoining lateral surface. One or more chips, e.g., memory chips, can be mounted on such a PCB to form an IC package. The above solder pad arrangement allows particularly dense arrangements of IC packages to be obtained. The present invention is further directed to related devices and methods of fabrication thereof.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for converting an alcohol into a fuel mixture which consists of alcohol, ether and water and is suitable for operating a combustion engine, in particular an internal combustion engine in a motor vehicle, converts the alcohol into the fuel mixture in a reactor at a suitable reaction temperature. The mixing ratio of alcohol fraction, ether fraction and water fraction in the fuel mixture is adjusted by controlling at least one reaction parameter of a reaction taking place in the reactor.

Abstract: The present invention is notably directed to a printed circuit board, or PCB. This PCB has two main surfaces, each delimited by lateral edges, as well as lateral surfaces, each meeting each of the two main surfaces at one lateral edge. The present PCB further comprises a row of solder pads, which extends along a lateral edge of the PCB. Each solder pad is formed directly at the lateral edge and/or directly on a lateral surface (meeting one of the two main surfaces at said lateral edge). I.e., each pad interrupts a lateral edge and/or an adjoining lateral surface. One or more chips, e.g., memory chips, can be mounted on such a PCB to form an IC package. The above solder pad arrangement allows particularly dense arrangements of IC packages to be obtained. The present invention is further directed to related devices and methods of fabrication thereof.

Abstract: An electronic circuit card comprises a printed circuit board with electronic components. The electronic components comprise drivers for transmitting transmit (TX) signals and receivers for receiving receive (RX) signals, according to several groups of interface signals. There is further provided a connector edge, arranged at an edge of the card, and configured to allow the card to be connected to an external connector. This connector edge comprises two subsets of symmetric pins on respective (opposite) sides thereof. The drivers and the receivers are connected to the pins, for respectively conveying the TX signals and the RX signals. Pins are assigned such that, for each of the several groups of supported interface signals, any pin (of any of the subsets) connected to transmit TX signals is located opposite a pin (of the other subset) connected to receive RX signals. Pairs of consecutive pins (on each side) typically come in differential pairs.

Abstract: A method for calibrating an exhaust gas sensor arranged in a measurement chamber, includes providing a measurement chamber in or adjacent to an exhaust channel of an internal combustion engine. At the start of a calibration phase, exhaust gas present in the measurement chamber is displaced by a filling of the measurement chamber with calibration gas, and at the end of the calibration phase, exhaust gas diffuses into and/or is introduced into the measurement chamber.

Abstract: An electronic circuit card comprises a printed circuit board (PCB) with electronic components thereon. The electronic components comprise drivers for transmitting TX signals and receivers for receiving RX signals, according to several groups of interface signals. There is further provided a connector edge, arranged at an edge of the card, and configured to allow the card to be connected to an external connector. This connector edge comprises two subsets of symmetric pins on respective (opposite) sides thereof. The drivers and the receivers are connected to the pins, for respectively conveying the TX signals and the RX signals. Pins are assigned such that, for each of the several groups of supported interface signals, any pin (of any of the subsets) connected to transmit TX signals is located opposite a pin (of the other subset) connected to receive RX signals. Pairs of consecutive pins (on each side) typically come in differential pairs.

Abstract: A method for desulphurizing an exhaust-gas recirculation flow of an internal combustion engine supplied to the internal combustion engine on the fresh-air side includes branching a partial exhaust-gas flow from the exhaust-gas flow of the internal combustion engine. At least one reactant is supplied to the partial exhaust-gas flow that splits to form ammonia, and the thus laden partial exhaust-gas flow is supplied partially, as an exhaust-gas recirculation flow, to the fresh-air side and partially, as an aftertreatment partial flow, to an exhaust-gas aftertreatment system. The flow rate of the exhaust-gas recirculation flow supplied to the fresh-air side and the flow rate of the aftertreatment partial flow supplied to the exhaust gas aftertreatment system are predefined and/or varied by a regulating device as a function of at least one operating parameter that defines the respective operating state of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The present invention is notably directed to a printed circuit board, or PCB. This PCB has two main surfaces, each delimited by lateral edges, as well as lateral surfaces, each meeting each of the two main surfaces at one lateral edge. The present PCB further comprises a row of solder pads, which extends along a lateral edge of the PCB. Each solder pad is formed directly at the lateral edge and/or directly on a lateral surface (meeting one of the two main surfaces at said lateral edge). I.e., each pad interrupts a lateral edge and/or an adjoining lateral surface. One or more chips, e.g., memory chips, can be mounted on such a PCB to form an IC package. The above solder pad arrangement allows particularly dense arrangements of IC packages to be obtained. The present invention is further directed to related devices and methods of fabrication thereof.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for converting an alcohol into a fuel mixture which consists of alcohol, ether and water and is suitable for operating a combustion engine, in particular an internal combustion engine in a motor vehicle, converts the alcohol into the fuel mixture in a reactor at a suitable reaction temperature. The mixing ratio of alcohol fraction, ether fraction and water fraction in the fuel mixture is adjusted by controlling at least one reaction parameter of a reaction taking place in the reactor.

Abstract: A method for an exhaust-gas aftertreatment system which is operated on an internal combustion engine operated with an excess of air, in which exhaust-gas aftertreatment system soot particles are separated out of exhaust gas by a particle filter and the particle filter is regenerated with the aid of NO2 formed on an NO oxidation catalytic converter mounted upstream of the particle filter. A reduction of the nitrogen oxides is realized by a reducing agent which splits to form ammonia being metered into the exhaust-gas flow upstream of the particle filter and the particle filter is laden with a catalytically active material for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides. The NH3 to NOx ratio (feed ratio ?) is varied in phases by changing the nitrogen oxide untreated emissions and/or the supplied amount of reducing agent, in such a way that the feed ratio ? alternates in phases between values of greater than one and values of less than one.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a sensor in which a sensor element, which comprises at least a first housing, is at least partially encapsulation-molded in an encapsulation-molding process. As a result of the encapsulation-molding process a sensor housing is formed. The sensor element is mechanically connected to a support element and/or accommodated by the support element, after which the sensor element and the support element are encapsulation-molded in a common encapsulation-molding process for forming the sensor housing.