Abstract: The use of a nondendrimeric hyperbranched polyester and/or a polyesteramide which comprise alkenyl-substituted succinic acid units as a demulsifier for splitting oil-water emulsions. The succinic acid is substituted by at least one alkenyl group containing from 16 to 20 carbon atoms. Particular emulsions suitable for splitting are crude oil emulsions. Also, a nondendrimeric hyperbranched polyester or a polyesteramide which comprises alkenyl-substituted succinic acid units, the alkenyl group having from 16 to 20 carbon atoms. In addition to the alkenyl-substituted succinic acid units, the nondendrimeric hyperbranched polyester contains, as further units, at least trifunctional alcohols having been alkoxylated with an average of from 3 to 12 ethylene oxide units.

Abstract: A nondendrimeric hyperbranched polyester and/or polyesteramide which comprise alkenyl-substituted succinic acid units as demulsifiers for splitting oil-water emulsions, especially crude oil emulsions. In particular, the succinic acid is substituted with alkenyl groups containing 16 to 20 carbon atoms. Also, nondendrimeric hyperbranched polyesters or polyesteramides which comprise alkenyl-substituted succinic acid units, wherein the alkenyl group has from 16 to 20 carbon atoms. In addition to the alkenyl-substituted succinic acid units, the nondendrimeric hyperbranched polyester contains, as further units, at least trifunctional alcohols having been alkoxylated with an average of from 3 to 12 ethylene oxide units.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of nondendrimeric, high-functionality hyperbranched polyesters and polycarbonates which are obtainable by reacting (i) at least one aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acid (A2) or derivatives thereof, or organic carbonates (A2?) with (ii) at least one x-hydric aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic alcohol (Cx) which has more than two OH groups, where x is a number greater than 2, preferably from 3 to 8, more preferably from 3 to 6, even more preferably from 3 to 4 and especially 3, and (iii) at least one fatty acid amide alkoxylate (D) of saturated or unsaturated C2-C30 fatty acid amides with an average of from 1 to 40 alkylene oxide units as demulsifiers for splitting crude oil emulsions.

Abstract: The use of alkoxylated polyalkanolamines as demulsifiers for splitting oil-water emulsions, especially for splitting crude oil emulsions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the alkoxylation of a first polymer comprising at least one monomer unit having NH groups and optionally NH2 groups, wherein the first polymer has a molecular weight Mw of at least 500 g/mol, comprising the steps of (a) reacting the first polymer with alkylene oxide in a reaction mixture comprising a solvent until the average degree of alkoxylation of each NH group and each optional NH2 group, calculated as two NH groups, is from 0.75 to 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of nondendrimeric, high-functionality hyperbranched polyesters and polycarbonates which are obtainable by reacting (i) at least one aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acid (A2) or derivatives thereof, or organic carbonates (A2?) with (ii) at least one x-hydric aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic alcohol (Cx) which has more than two OH groups, where x is a number greater than 2, preferably from 3 to 8, more preferably from 3 to 6, even more preferably from 3 to 4 and especially 3, and (iii) at least one fatty acid amide alkoxylate (D) of saturated or unsaturated C2-C30 fatty acid amides with an average of from 1 to 40 alkylene oxide units as demulsifiers for splitting crude oil emulsions.

Abstract: The use of alkoxylated polyalkanolamines as demulsifiers for splitting oil-water emulsions, especially for splitting crude oil emulsions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the alkoxylation of a first polymer comprising at least one monomer unit having NH groups and optionally NH2 groups, wherein the first polymer has a molecular weight Mw of at least 500 g/mol, comprising the steps of (a) reacting the first polymer with alkylene oxide in a reaction mixture comprising a solvent until the average degree of alkoxylation of each NH group and each optional NH2 group, calculated as two NH groups, is from 0.75 to 1.

Abstract: The use of nondendrimeric hyperbranched polyesters and/or polyesteramides which comprise alkyl- and/or alkenyl-substituted succinic acid units as demulsifiers for splitting oil-water emulsions, especially crude oil emulsions, and also nondendrimeric hyperbranched polyesters or polyesteramides which comprise alkyl- and/or alkenyl-substituted succinic acid units.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for hydrogen transfer to chemical compounds, wherein hydrogen transfer is carried out in a supercritical or subcritical phase using stabilized and dispersed metal particles. The invention further provides for the use of metal colloids stabilized by organic compounds or embedded in organic compounds as catalysts in a process for hydrogen transfer to chemical compounds in a supercritical or subcritical phase so as to avoid the formation of free-radical intermediates during hydrogen transfer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for hydrogen transfer to chemical compounds, wherein hydrogen transfer is carried out in a supercritical or subcritical phase using stabilized and dispersed metal particles. The invention further provides for the use of metal colloids stabilized by organic compounds or embedded in organic compounds as catalysts in a process for hydrogen transfer to chemical compounds in a supercritical or subcritical phase so as to avoid the formation of free-radical intermediates during hydrogen transfer.